黑色的秀髮，最主要是由真黑素(Eumelanin)天然染成。655Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡf0m0rvSj0q
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（圖2）皮膚下的黑素細胞(Melanocyte)會製造出黑色粒子Melanosomes，而這些黑色粒子Melanosomes會走到表皮(Epidermis)或者髮囊(Hair follicile)，賦予皮膚及頭髮黑色外表。655Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡ9ZTyTFfDeq
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（圖3）圖中為Melanosomes裡頭的生物化學反應，起始材料為氨基酸，經過一輪酶素的化學反應後，最終成品將為黑色真黑素及啡色真黑素。655Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡOQWTk4V4w9
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而根據兩者比例的不同，最終的顏色效果亦會有所不同，所以Melanosomes並不一定是純黑色，亦因而解釋了為何並不是所有人的頭髮也是漆黑黑一片。655Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡSaNCciWz92
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值得留意的是，這一系列發生在Melanosomes的反應均是在中性pH7的環境下進行，有別於現時常用的鹼性pH化學染髮方式。655Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡGFEi10ku6C
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有科學家看準這一點，因而嘗試照辦煮碗在體外套用我們自身Melanosomes蛋白酶的機制方式進行染髮（Ref1)。655Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡMD4L9yAXmR
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（圖4）從圖中可見，鹼性pH化學染髮以及中性pH7模仿人類Melanosomes裡頭生物化學反應方式染髮（2小時，攝氏35度），兩者最終的外表差別不大。655Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡdnUm0R66my
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而且經過5次清水沖洗及10分鐘的洗髮水猛烈沖洗後，兩者亦沒有出現脫色的現象。655Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡ6jy8w8mOiZ
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只不過，利用鹼性pH化學染髮的話，色素會徹底進入髮質內部。655Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡLhv3DLmWdv
反觀中性pH7生物化學反應方式染髮，色素主要聚集在髮質外部，因此對頭髮的傷害相對較低。655Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡ7IyXHU6FGD
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（圖5）在圖中亦可以清楚看得到，鹼性pH化學染髮對頭髮外部會做成傷害(箭嘴所指位置)，655Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡpQ52ilCglC
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而中性pH7模仿人類Melanosomes裡頭生物化學反應方式染髮則沒有這個問題。655Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡG92Ta3XgIr
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此方法能否在日後淘汰鹼性pH化學染髮或其他的染髮手段，我們將可拭目以待。655Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡ27wOZK4LfY
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如果想我快啲出文的話，請入去Penana網站科普專欄–薯不揀單俾一個like以及Bookmark，這對我非常之重要。655Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡ9avhk33dIe
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Link: https://www.penana.com/story/66244/%E7%A7%91%E6%99%AE%E5%B0%88%E6%AC%84-%E8%96%AF%E4%B8%8D%E6%8F%80%E5%96%AE/toc655Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡzcAHQ4y4jy
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同時亦可以在Penana網站裡按「買一嚿/半嚿薯仔」，以課金的方式推動我繼續搜羅資料寫文，多謝。655Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡ0kvpkyAZ66
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https://www.penana.com/user/27349/%E8%96%AF%E4%BB%94%E8%81%9E%E8%8C%B1%E8%8E%89/portfolio655Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡm9rHu4TFOD
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Ref1:https://pubs.acs.org/doi/pdf/10.1021/acs.chemmater.0c02790
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