白內障是糖尿病引發出的一種常見徵狀,而箇中的因由,事實上是與我們日常生活息息相關的。462Please respect copyright.PENANAL3kjXEDOyS462Please respect copyright.PENANAWql8SR1sPN
462Please respect copyright.PENANAd69CU6pqnx
(圖2)我們眼睛的Lens部位之所以呈透明,主要是因為裡頭一種名為Crystallin的蛋白質所致。462Please respect copyright.PENANAXNjT9PLfgN462Please respect copyright.PENANAyoJxRF0DWE
462Please respect copyright.PENANA4evOMHO6HR
氨基酸組合成一起的話,我們會稱之為蛋白質。462Please respect copyright.PENANAo0B38lVxrc
462Please respect copyright.PENANAECtskKoH8q
而糖尿病所引起的白內障,就是糖份與Crystallin蛋白質的氨基酸產生反應,形成淡黃色的物質所致。462Please respect copyright.PENANAIZRGN9XkUv
462Please respect copyright.PENANAkYzMrZ4q3I
(圖3)氨基酸與某類別的糖份在高溫處理下,便會產生啡色物質及帶有香味等等的化學物,這個過程又稱之為梅納反應 (Maillard reaction);462Please respect copyright.PENANAXkrWGc2qzj
462Please respect copyright.PENANAAoYIUYn0yH
雖然梅納本人發佈梅納反應結果的時候,隻字沒有提及過會在食物上產生。462Please respect copyright.PENANA8qA00VSWCJ462Please respect copyright.PENANAt4IwvN2dce
462Please respect copyright.PENANALb802GrDog
而糖尿病白內障的形成,原理跟梅納反應非常接近,同樣是血糖與Crystallin氨基酸產生啡黃色物質所致。462Please respect copyright.PENANAaKSLM3ATAt
462Please respect copyright.PENANAPuGzHij2Uo
不同的是,白內障整個過程是長期在37度裡頭發生,而我們日常煮食/焗麵包/燒烤的溫度大多情況下會比37度為高,故此眼睛產生啡黃色物質的速度亦比較緩慢。462Please respect copyright.PENANAJSV7C1P5vD
462Please respect copyright.PENANA53efEwJc5A
有科學家亦曾嘗試將牛及人類的眼睛晶片放在陰暗位置的糖水裡10個月,其分離出的淡黃色物質,跟患有白內障的眼睛晶片所分離出的是一模一樣。462Please respect copyright.PENANAPXanuTcAgc
462Please respect copyright.PENANAUqAHjoC6c0
462Please respect copyright.PENANAKpIpsuOttL
462Please respect copyright.PENANAn2Rf3SmIXs
蛋白質產生出來後,細胞會有機制會將其毀滅,然後再產生新的蛋白質;462Please respect copyright.PENANAwiUaGrw0nb
尤其是蛋白質出現不正常的改變或損毀的時候,這過程尤為重要。462Please respect copyright.PENANASQ9i6pZgge
462Please respect copyright.PENANAkmY9z5UFYN
而眼睛晶片的Crystallin蛋白質,因為天生屬於「毀滅然後再生」極為緩慢的一群,因此就算遭受到糖份改造,細胞亦沒能作出處理及更正。462Please respect copyright.PENANA0Edt3gjwhw
462Please respect copyright.PENANAYnIw3E3ZW7
462Please respect copyright.PENANA0oOUvnM3oc
除眼睛晶片外,紅血球亦是遭受糖份梅納反應影響的一群。因此很多時候,某類別被糖份改造的紅血球含量會成為探測糖尿病的指標。462Please respect copyright.PENANAkVQXJp0cxZ
462Please respect copyright.PENANAY28x4JZSxv
462Please respect copyright.PENANAU9VDgJE3zQ
462Please respect copyright.PENANA7mYDwSBCLy
462Please respect copyright.PENANAmpp1uyFfSK
如果想我快啲出文的話,請入去Penana網站科普專欄–薯不揀單俾一個like以及Bookmark,這對我非常之重要。462Please respect copyright.PENANASlQ3DDP5Jd
462Please respect copyright.PENANArr5gqGLSJX
Link: https://www.penana.com/story/66244/%E7%A7%91%E6%99%AE%E5%B0%88%E6%AC%84-%E8%96%AF%E4%B8%8D%E6%8F%80%E5%96%AE/toc462Please respect copyright.PENANA6QHzlXBquM
462Please respect copyright.PENANAmYnS3wtzwz
同時亦可以在Penana網站裡按「買一嚿/半嚿薯仔」,以課金的方式推動我繼續搜羅資料寫文,多謝。462Please respect copyright.PENANA5evGRjY5nq
462Please respect copyright.PENANAHhKAm6rpZH
Link:462Please respect copyright.PENANAG5yCetyiNo
https://www.penana.com/user/27349/%E8%96%AF%E4%BB%94%E8%81%9E%E8%8C%B1%E8%8E%89/portfolio462Please respect copyright.PENANAELhJ98o6KR
462Please respect copyright.PENANA5hSGFZdOxe
462Please respect copyright.PENANA7qZGOCAPZf
除非Facebook及IG重開侵侵的account,否則我的IG將不會再作更新,只會寄居本土LIHKG及Penana。462Please respect copyright.PENANA7oAjL8GjC5
462Please respect copyright.PENANAWJLAObWKNH
Ref1:https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/full/10.1002/anie.201308808462Please respect copyright.PENANAZ5wPnqbMl3
Ref2:https://science.sciencemag.org/content/211/4481/491/tab-pdf462Please respect copyright.PENANA0MqAK5FJtO