腫瘤內有一小部份的細胞被稱之為Cancer Stem Cells(CSC),他們對於腫瘤的發展有著莫大的功用。515Please respect copyright.PENANANBOGDtELkD515Please respect copyright.PENANAY8BkK6NNff
化療過後,大部份的癌細胞均會被殲滅,而很多時候只剩下這些CSC能夠生存;515Please respect copyright.PENANAMvtPA7Shny
學術界大多數會稱呼這現象為Minimal Residual Disease。515Please respect copyright.PENANAzQqqnVizXX
515Please respect copyright.PENANA9fyKNNzeXb
這些一息尚存的CSC會在某一刻再度發展出新的腫瘤,而與之前腫瘤不同的是,他們會展現出抗藥性,較早前所用的化療藥物再不會對他們見效。515Please respect copyright.PENANAbvyTJes5zc
515Please respect copyright.PENANAmYgWrbs53Y
正因如此,現今有不少針對CSC研究一直進行中,希望可以找出辦法消滅這些CSC。515Please respect copyright.PENANAwiBIu72Od4
515Please respect copyright.PENANAVvFI6OcNdK
515Please respect copyright.PENANA3iTn91dD8f
(圖2)CSC之所以非常之難消滅,原因就是他有各式各樣的機制躲避化療追擊,如陳同佳這天下大仆街一樣詭計多端。515Please respect copyright.PENANAIVzQdVXItM515Please respect copyright.PENANA4HQdv6dcd0
515Please respect copyright.PENANA7RLRgB9drc
其中一例就是CSC會產生名為ABCG2的蛋白質,這些ABCG2蛋白質有著將化療藥物排出細胞體外的效果,導致化療藥物無法長期留在細胞內,大幅度失去藥效。515Please respect copyright.PENANA4sGbllCaga
515Please respect copyright.PENANAmTJdbpYssy
(圖3)有科學家發現(Ref1),名為SMAR1蛋白質有抑制ABCG2產生的功效。亦即是說,SMAR1蛋白質含量越低的話,ABCG2就越容易能夠生產出來。515Please respect copyright.PENANAjiKB7qf2Pi
515Please respect copyright.PENANAy5t9eKJ8A4515Please respect copyright.PENANAdUsFG88DbC
515Please respect copyright.PENANAocJpaJ78Ea
515Please respect copyright.PENANApdVvbnjjPW
而CSC內有兩隻名為OCT4及SOX2的蛋白質,他們能夠抑制SMAR1的蛋白質產生,導致ABCG2更容易產生出來,令細胞更容易將藥物排出體外。515Please respect copyright.PENANAGxpSfJ07P0
515Please respect copyright.PENANANZaQRlZeUV
515Please respect copyright.PENANAFD8bY9L1A2
(圖4)尋覓已知資料一輪後,阿斯匹靈為已證實可抑制OCT4及SOX2蛋白質的藥物,同時亦不會被ABCG2有效排出。515Please respect copyright.PENANAlF3GRV9Yb9515Please respect copyright.PENANAlxrFkfN82V
515Please respect copyright.PENANA9MEylJoShw
這裡無疑會產生一道詢問,若果利用阿斯匹靈抑制ABCG2的產生,同時再加上化療藥物的話,會否是殺死CSC的一道妙計呢?515Please respect copyright.PENANAv1i4PMok2m
515Please respect copyright.PENANAcYkyQ1KtK8
515Please respect copyright.PENANA7X6xhCSxxk
(圖5)在老鼠實驗中,同時用上阿斯匹靈及化療藥物Doxorubicin的話,的確可以令腫瘤大幅度縮小。515Please respect copyright.PENANAVhnsRrRQi0515Please respect copyright.PENANATYEDFrLrdN
515Please respect copyright.PENANAKFu27T8nWm
但在這實驗中,單獨用上阿斯匹靈已能導致腫瘤縮小,而且文章亦沒有確實證據指出腫瘤縮小的原因是否因為少了CSC的緣故。515Please respect copyright.PENANAgC7RVzLX09
515Please respect copyright.PENANAfftrK6FQa5
雖有理論證據在背後支持,但用上阿斯匹靈輔助化療效果的理論還需要確實的實驗結果再作進一步的證實。515Please respect copyright.PENANA2RYcFlEmw3
515Please respect copyright.PENANAyPlLPbZm0w
515Please respect copyright.PENANALSjwfQQjWw
到底阿斯匹靈輔助化療效果的理論得以確實先,還是陳同住到台灣自首先呢?515Please respect copyright.PENANAzrdYmn0RUV
515Please respect copyright.PENANA0uaZUDsAwM
答案呼之欲出!515Please respect copyright.PENANAN1MgvbZlpN
515Please respect copyright.PENANAPu680utPOV
515Please respect copyright.PENANAAQcnwa6UIG
515Please respect copyright.PENANAuYAfdOFnd7
如果想我快啲出文的話,請入去Penana網站科普專欄–薯不揀單俾一個like以及Bookmark,這對我非常之重要。515Please respect copyright.PENANA82DtOMhAWg
515Please respect copyright.PENANAb18upfHO8e
Link: https://www.penana.com/story/66244/%E7%A7%91%E6%99%AE%E5%B0%88%E6%AC%84-%E8%96%AF%E4%B8%8D%E6%8F%80%E5%96%AE/toc515Please respect copyright.PENANASMvrff2RSW
515Please respect copyright.PENANAghoacbGLu3
同時亦可以在Penana網站裡按「買一嚿/半嚿薯仔」,以課金的方式推動我繼續搜羅資料寫文,多謝。515Please respect copyright.PENANAnjqFIev7n0
515Please respect copyright.PENANAgDrgp1lwRB
Link:515Please respect copyright.PENANA0sogHYswNT
https://www.penana.com/user/27349/%E8%96%AF%E4%BB%94%E8%81%9E%E8%8C%B1%E8%8E%89/portfolio515Please respect copyright.PENANAsBfcLa4sjd
515Please respect copyright.PENANAuEsTNHpEtI
515Please respect copyright.PENANAxpb7HpFgJ8
有興趣接收科學資訊的話,歡迎follow IG: potatopigtongue。515Please respect copyright.PENANAdRscLZ4MR6
515Please respect copyright.PENANAPZMZGsFRqn
https://www.instagram.com/potatopigtongue/515Please respect copyright.PENANAx3T0QRTOT3
515Please respect copyright.PENANAXye4AU0XwK
Ref1:https://stke.sciencemag.org/content/13/654/eaay6077515Please respect copyright.PENANA0qPxSnwnrS