現今已知接近有7萬幾種的基因變異會引起疾病。410Please respect copyright.PENANAgSK2GLxEd0410Please respect copyright.PENANAbGi5Je7dIx
410Please respect copyright.PENANAjywErha64W
隨著CRISPR基因編輯技術的興起,將會為根治這些疾病帶來曙光。410Please respect copyright.PENANAEpuMfakSDz
410Please respect copyright.PENANAPsGgwzRL9b
410Please respect copyright.PENANAYhK2p5H1ic
(圖2)圖中將展示「舊式」的編輯方法HDR(Homology Directed Repair)機制。410Please respect copyright.PENANA6entZQpAqu410Please respect copyright.PENANAoFJPn66skG
410Please respect copyright.PENANAqbrhIyql8J
sgRNA將會引領Cas9蛋白質抵達不理想的基因突變位置,其後Cas9蛋白質會將基因斬斷成兩截;410Please respect copyright.PENANAEEfp5wsAUd
410Please respect copyright.PENANAiwY0U4SCZT
根據Cas9蛋白質的特性,可修改至只斬一條特定的DNA位置,其後會再提及。410Please respect copyright.PENANA0QO6NEXBPo
410Please respect copyright.PENANA3WtSojoi3W
(圖3)此時候,如果將盛載想修改的基因排組送到斷成兩截的基因附近,細胞便會加以利用,將原本的紫色區域改成為黃色區域。410Please respect copyright.PENANASK2OLSAZii410Please respect copyright.PENANAEAWe50y0IP
410Please respect copyright.PENANAa6LyFYbqo0
但這個方法的隨機性非常之高,最終結果有可能會出現基因刪減,又或者是其他基因排組的插入。410Please respect copyright.PENANAbNpDhtYXKV
410Please respect copyright.PENANAWy7vWDlhrE
套用基因編輯技術於治療病人身上的話,精準度必須要非常之高,此手段明顯並不理想。410Please respect copyright.PENANARzo5IvZwoy
410Please respect copyright.PENANAV5LAibiBmo
410Please respect copyright.PENANADUm7CZL93K
(圖4)至於新式編輯方法Prime Editing方面,同樣亦是套用CRISPR技術,但各組件及理念則有所修改。410Please respect copyright.PENANAJvPsNz6yRo410Please respect copyright.PENANA8uDKq3MEPq
410Please respect copyright.PENANAJb5lIdCRYS
擁有Transcriptase Domain的Cas9變種蛋白質將會被含有預想修改基因排組的pegRNA引領到不理想的基因突變位置,而這一次只會斬斷特定的一條DNA。410Please respect copyright.PENANAy6OavZ8MYR
410Please respect copyright.PENANAUJ9ybeWAa0
410Please respect copyright.PENANA8qhvYFDGtc
(圖5)其後,Cas9變種蛋白質會讀取pegRNA內含的預想修改基因排組,並將一條DNA的基因排組成功修改。410Please respect copyright.PENANARYeWlhnMOY410Please respect copyright.PENANAUqLghcpKLu
410Please respect copyright.PENANAB1VONRFrxw
經過一系列難以深入淺出的程序後,最終亦會完成成功修改雙方兩截的DNA。410Please respect copyright.PENANA8NmrPFv0W1
410Please respect copyright.PENANASAOIKi7WzM
(圖6)紅色區域為不理想的基因修改結果(Ref2),新式編輯方法PrimeEditing明顯優勝於舊式編輯方法HDR,但仍有一定程度的進步空間。410Please respect copyright.PENANAyNqjrZZjwi410Please respect copyright.PENANA67vxbeLZvB
410Please respect copyright.PENANAq6RNt5Es9Q
有朝一日,CRISPR基因編輯技術定必會在治療疾病上得以普及化。410Please respect copyright.PENANAaqm7j1srL0
410Please respect copyright.PENANAWQuuBALKCo
如果想我快啲出文的話,請入去Penana網站科普專欄–薯不揀單俾一個like以及Bookmark,這對我非常之重要。410Please respect copyright.PENANArp01DBWn5c
410Please respect copyright.PENANARmZ7P3kuUX
Link: https://www.penana.com/story/66244/%E7%A7%91%E6%99%AE%E5%B0%88%E6%AC%84-%E8%96%AF%E4%B8%8D%E6%8F%80%E5%96%AE/toc410Please respect copyright.PENANAStNMAufWZ8
410Please respect copyright.PENANARUwukc47u3
同時亦可以在Penana網站裡按「買一嚿/半嚿薯仔」,以課金的方式推動我繼續搜羅資料寫文,多謝。410Please respect copyright.PENANAvDkDAwJ2Di
410Please respect copyright.PENANASMh8lxDTZb
Link:410Please respect copyright.PENANAnZmWKk9isZ
https://www.penana.com/user/27349/%E8%96%AF%E4%BB%94%E8%81%9E%E8%8C%B1%E8%8E%89/portfolio410Please respect copyright.PENANA7qnzKh9AJl
410Please respect copyright.PENANAtlIpPYzno0
410Please respect copyright.PENANAtAfZjZXJ2g
Ref1:https://www.nature.com/articles/s41586-019-1711-4410Please respect copyright.PENANAhNXd2pZb4j
Ref2:https://www.nature.com/articles/s41467-020-19136-7
00
ns18.219.68.172da2