吸煙會引致肺癌機率大幅度上升,究竟現今有沒有充分證據證明這句說話呢?587Please respect copyright.PENANAs0UxAECqQa587Please respect copyright.PENANAwCpnGKvssK
587Please respect copyright.PENANAU7vg71dxLr
(圖2)講述之前,我們快速了解一下癌症形成的概論。587Please respect copyright.PENANAefUgkw7rfs587Please respect copyright.PENANAoYdffbvN9D
正常的細胞,裡頭擁有一系列的機制控制生長速度,確保不會出現無止境繁殖的局面。587Please respect copyright.PENANAvgi95Udcd6
而當正常細胞的DNA發生異變的時候,大致上會迎來四個結局。587Please respect copyright.PENANANBIXQiYrg4
587Please respect copyright.PENANA9WAHe6el48
通常情況下,細胞會立刻修復DNA的變異,使變異細胞回復成為正常細胞。587Please respect copyright.PENANAtD4eCzCaa7
若果DNA修復機制失效的話,免疫細胞會辨認變異細胞為外來之物,將其殲滅以免遺禍人間。587Please respect copyright.PENANADCoUCQC2e1
587Please respect copyright.PENANAxmjSU3NgVm
而如果修復DNA機制及免疫系統同時失效的話,便會有兩種可能性的發生。587Please respect copyright.PENANAcwyghNthd0
587Please respect copyright.PENANAYo8SXX81Dr
假若異變DNA原本的工作是負責控制生長速度、而其變異導致自身功用失效的話,細胞便有機會不受控地自我繁殖,形成腫瘤。587Please respect copyright.PENANApdvLVrW84j
587Please respect copyright.PENANAVxa2GwoHiq
而如果異變DNA對發展癌細胞方面沒有任何幫助的話,那細胞便不會發展成為癌細胞,繼續攜帶變異DNA以正常速度繁殖。587Please respect copyright.PENANAjzx0e0GdAv
587Please respect copyright.PENANADV3d7kRToD
總言而之,DNA發生變異是正常細發展成為癌細胞的第一步。587Please respect copyright.PENANA03cyn77uHf
587Please respect copyright.PENANABV0yFyXe7A587Please respect copyright.PENANAW35el0MF4G
587Please respect copyright.PENANAiqtCzxigbU
(圖3)為探討吸煙對DNA變異的影響,有研究找來對應群組(3個兒童、4個非吸煙者、6個已戒煙人士、3個尚有食煙習慣的渣滓)作檢驗(Ref1),分別抽取各人的氣管細胞,以逐個細胞的方式檢驗DNA,以作DNA變異程度的觀察之用。587Please respect copyright.PENANAfOAFSMOm4h587Please respect copyright.PENANACc4qLt7Qa2
587Please respect copyright.PENANAtvknggm7Sk
(圖4)DNA的變異有幾種方式,如圖中所見,吸煙人士的DNA變異均比非吸煙者為多頻密。587Please respect copyright.PENANAYmVIXF3K0Z587Please respect copyright.PENANA35lU1yyw8R
587Please respect copyright.PENANA4SHgcMzod6
(圖5)而最為重要的是,吸煙人士的氣管細胞擁有更多已知會導致癌症出現的基因轉變,這一系列的資料均指出吸煙是會增加癌症出現的機會。587Please respect copyright.PENANAIh84ByAJqC
587Please respect copyright.PENANAY2fCrZcqJS
587Please respect copyright.PENANAMADCktJxtJ
(圖6)當然,凡事也是有例外的!587Please respect copyright.PENANA4Pbdavejbs587Please respect copyright.PENANA7QypdpxNlq
587Please respect copyright.PENANAajKVgvQIFH
如果想我快啲出文的話,請入去Penana網站科普專欄–薯不揀單俾一個like以及Bookmark,這對我非常之重要。587Please respect copyright.PENANAJ92oEcRvyd
587Please respect copyright.PENANAPHABveMomX
Link: https://www.penana.com/story/66244/%E7%A7%91%E6%99%AE%E5%B0%88%E6%AC%84-%E8%96%AF%E4%B8%8D%E6%8F%80%E5%96%AE/toc587Please respect copyright.PENANA3EBCK8CKat
587Please respect copyright.PENANAgiBevmckrn
同時亦可以在Penana網站裡按「買一嚿/半嚿薯仔」,以課金的方式推動我繼續搜羅資料寫文,多謝。587Please respect copyright.PENANA7sRMjCbFbu
587Please respect copyright.PENANApmx6UB1Orp
Link:587Please respect copyright.PENANAnwHt5QpwZU
https://www.penana.com/user/27349/%E8%96%AF%E4%BB%94%E8%81%9E%E8%8C%B1%E8%8E%89/portfolio587Please respect copyright.PENANAofCekCJbDN
587Please respect copyright.PENANAq839zGPqZV
587Please respect copyright.PENANAC6ZbC22eYQ
有興趣接收科學資訊的話,歡迎follow IG: potatopigtongue。587Please respect copyright.PENANADgKet2HFJH
587Please respect copyright.PENANA5VKMnngzEr
587Please respect copyright.PENANA30coDClrRO
587Please respect copyright.PENANAlgO7COgtPn
Ref1:https://www.nature.com/articles/s41586-020-1961-1
587Please respect copyright.PENANAUgmoHQhrQK