埃及斑蚊,英文名為yellow fever mosquito,學名為Aedes aegypti,是白紋伊蚊的近親。734Please respect copyright.PENANAUowrMa1VGB
734Please respect copyright.PENANASNFvVCIBe9
(圖1)男性品種不會叮人,只有女性品種才會叮人,藉著吸血等途徑傳播登革熱(Dengue Fever)等疾病。734Please respect copyright.PENANAkn2Q4Q662K734Please respect copyright.PENANAdVkNKxfvxx
734Please respect copyright.PENANAZrDsjN4rI4
殺蟲劑雖能殺滅蚊子,但蚊子亦逐漸展示出對殺蟲劑的抗藥性。734Please respect copyright.PENANApy6yTd6HV2
734Please respect copyright.PENANAs7HbS1Ovx3
而基於殺蟲劑會污染環境及危害部份雀鳥昆蟲健康關係,建立另類對付播毒蚊子的方法可謂有著絕對的迫切性。734Please respect copyright.PENANAnOj0xe49rp
734Please respect copyright.PENANAwELEbL9kdo734Please respect copyright.PENANARziw6xx41l
734Please respect copyright.PENANA0timJcP2X6
(圖2)有見及此,Oxitec公司(現為美國公司收購)培養出埃及斑蚊OX513A品種。734Please respect copyright.PENANANKr1qTp9n3
牠們在幼蟲的時候需要四環黴素(Tetracycline)才能成功生長。在實驗室培植的時候,研究人員會在食物裡提供四環黴素,但當他們被放到野外的時候,便再也沒能取得足夠的四環黴素,沒能順利生長成為蚊子。734Please respect copyright.PENANAChgkgEg9bJ
734Please respect copyright.PENANAvhp9KLphnf
男性埃及斑蚊OX513A品種與女性正常品種交配的話,將有機會產生正常品種及OX513A品種的蚊卵。734Please respect copyright.PENANAEqLbBOF6f5
734Please respect copyright.PENANAZFQc4FBefe
在野外缺乏四環黴素的情況下,正常品種有86–88%成功長大為蚊子,而OX513A品種則只有3-4%的成功率。734Please respect copyright.PENANAZAOGu2YN2e
734Please respect copyright.PENANArx7fSJjmo9
以這個方式推算下去的話,蚊子下一代的比率將會大幅度減低。734Please respect copyright.PENANA4pv8Vrmgbm
734Please respect copyright.PENANAD6iEVdfeln734Please respect copyright.PENANANymqRysicy
734Please respect copyright.PENANAqVgxUnCySo
(圖3)Oxitec公司在2010年英國開曼群島藉著此方式消除80%野外埃及斑蚊。734Please respect copyright.PENANA2J43ow4mhH
而亦在2013年巴西巴伊亞州順利用上同樣方式消除~90%野外埃及斑蚊。734Please respect copyright.PENANAs2nUyyuW3D
734Please respect copyright.PENANAT8GG35dkXM
今年2020年8月,他們同樣依這種方式在美國佛羅里達發放男性男性埃及斑蚊OX513A品種。734Please respect copyright.PENANAFMJKUscE4i
734Please respect copyright.PENANAq2Uf7G5wv3
此舉泛起不少反對聲音,不乏違反動物權利及人權等等。734Please respect copyright.PENANAEIz6I3YIJ6
734Please respect copyright.PENANAdenrY7xXiv
亦有人認為此舉會破壞生態平衡,奈何此方法只會滅殺埃及斑蚊,不會影響其他蚊子品種,其他物種可照樣進食其他蚊子品種代替,不見得有任何大影響。734Please respect copyright.PENANA7qKvW0GKR1
734Please respect copyright.PENANAb2o8y2tzeI
至於亦有人認為埃及斑蚊有機會因而大遷徙到第二區域,這點反而有著潛在的可能性,值得探討一下。
**
睇番一大輪資料後,發覺原來依篇文所寫的方法係佢哋用係巴西的方法,18個月之內係有成效,之後蚊子數量回升。734Please respect copyright.PENANACJfVlRMmMI
734Please respect copyright.PENANALw73ZFORr6
今次美國所用的方法係OX5034,同舊原理差唔多,但女性BB會死,而男性BB唔會。734Please respect copyright.PENANAMChN6K3FXg
734Please respect copyright.PENANAuj9EzL3W5E
無睇到佢哋媒體資料,只係睇咗佢哋之前所發出的學術文章,所以資料有錯,對不起。
**
如果想我快啲出文的話,請入去Penana網站科普專欄–薯不揀單俾一個like以及Bookmark,這對我非常之重要。734Please respect copyright.PENANAdbPTRaGwYH
734Please respect copyright.PENANATsi1FEUOW9
Link: https://www.penana.com/story/66244/%E7%A7%91%E6%99%AE%E5%B0%88%E6%AC%84-%E8%96%AF%E4%B8%8D%E6%8F%80%E5%96%AE/toc734Please respect copyright.PENANAfVAm1EmVZZ
734Please respect copyright.PENANAmRqK4qlNDc
同時亦可以在Penana網站裡按「買一嚿/半嚿薯仔」,以課金的方式推動我繼續搜羅資料寫文,多謝。734Please respect copyright.PENANAIJfuwm3Xtg
734Please respect copyright.PENANAQIk2v4qONM
Link:734Please respect copyright.PENANA2dlTAb8Wva
https://www.penana.com/user/27349/%E8%96%AF%E4%BB%94%E8%81%9E%E8%8C%B1%E8%8E%89/portfolio734Please respect copyright.PENANAQHBfstGINg
734Please respect copyright.PENANA7Ksq7wy4Mv
734Please respect copyright.PENANATnoJJ3wDdy
有興趣接收科普資訊的話,歡迎follow IG: potatopigtongue。734Please respect copyright.PENANA1CbHmuhI52
734Please respect copyright.PENANAm7DVYanzXZ
734Please respect copyright.PENANAZ8FnZ140aO
Ref:734Please respect copyright.PENANAgRJoKGZi4e
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC6072261/#R3734Please respect copyright.PENANATpbf6o2gPj
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC4489809/734Please respect copyright.PENANAgWegE3a1yL
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC1865532/734Please respect copyright.PENANAl5EsFz4uk8
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC4063546/
00
ns216.73.216.94da2