
高脂低碳餐單,亦即是生酮飲食,越漸普及化,經常標榜為減肥的有效秘方。593Please respect copyright.PENANA3GE8B0nOoX
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的而且確,生酮飲食可以促進脂肪燃燒,而且會大量消耗身體的糖原,而每一個單位的糖原會黏上四個單位的水份關係,生酮飲食短期間會消耗身體水份含量,得以獲取快速的減磅效果。593Please respect copyright.PENANAzWdciuP8ry593Please respect copyright.PENANAHpus4KgmeN
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但另一方面,生酮飲食包含眾多高脂食物,而這些食物一直被指責為心臟病、癡肥糖尿病等的元兇,那麼究竟生酮飲食是好還是壞呢?593Please respect copyright.PENANAXn7cEZcvE3
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(圖2)有科學家進行了人體測試(Ref1),找來14名年齡為27-42歲男性單車運動員,分成兩組進行持續六個月以上的生酮飲食(LCHF)及均衡飲食(Mixed)的飲食管理,成份如圖中所示。593Please respect copyright.PENANAtdLv0BtsLL593Please respect copyright.PENANAaGDBci4Rqu
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(圖3)六個月的餐單後,兩組人各自進食含75克葡萄糖的食物,然後再分別量度血糖及血液胰島素的濃度。593Please respect copyright.PENANACI2EFRTRzK593Please respect copyright.PENANAd0EwEMrPDO
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如左圖所示,生酮飲食(LCHF)組別的血糖明顯比均衡飲食(Mixed)為高。593Please respect copyright.PENANAzZ2FQyuNJF
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而且亦可見生酮飲食(LCHF)組別胰島素的產生時間較均衡飲食(Mixed)為延遲。593Please respect copyright.PENANAbag6l0FcPk
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這歸咎於生酮飲食(LCHF)組別的肌肉擁有較少GLUT4及IRS1蛋白質;593Please respect copyright.PENANA4eY0DkMwSo
GLUT4及IRS1分別為其中一種負責吸取葡萄糖及接收胰島素的蛋白質。593Please respect copyright.PENANAMNCtSjRUF7
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(圖4)雖然兩組人員在血糖及胰島素相關方面有顯著分別,但各種與新陳代謝有關的蛋白酶以及肌肉組成的比例,並沒有因為飲食不同而有所轉變。593Please respect copyright.PENANANhXOrhbv50593Please respect copyright.PENANAkhsiNKWqG6
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當然,與新陳代謝有關的蛋白酶數量繁多,不能擔保表外的蛋白酶會否有所影響。593Please respect copyright.PENANARi6wyH82EL
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生酮飲食測試者需要更長的時間才能降低血糖,相信是因為長期攝取低碳水化合物而引起的轉變,會否因此增加糖尿病的機會還成未知之數;593Please respect copyright.PENANAucgoVkhmda
不過生酮飲食本身就是低糖飲食,血糖理論上不會超標,所以根本沒有相干。593Please respect copyright.PENANASoeSQAZCqV
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之於生酮飲食究竟會否引起心臟病等問題,還有待更詳細的長期人體實驗才能證實得到。593Please respect copyright.PENANAG496l6oH1p
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Ref1:https://journals.humankinetics.com/view/journals/ijsnem/30/3/article-p210.xml593Please respect copyright.PENANAeUB8Da9Ctd