腫瘤內有一小部份的細胞被稱之為Cancer Stem Cells(CSC),他們對於腫瘤的發展有著莫大的功用。573Please respect copyright.PENANAMZXEELlKKX573Please respect copyright.PENANAAqd2SLbKzg
化療過後,大部份的癌細胞均會被殲滅,而很多時候只剩下這些CSC能夠生存;573Please respect copyright.PENANAszhHdKSswo
學術界大多數會稱呼這現象為Minimal Residual Disease。573Please respect copyright.PENANAlpUPIOnxNC
573Please respect copyright.PENANAUVosVBQPKb
這些一息尚存的CSC會在某一刻再度發展出新的腫瘤,而與之前腫瘤不同的是,他們會展現出抗藥性,較早前所用的化療藥物再不會對他們見效。573Please respect copyright.PENANA3zAHkZNgS7
573Please respect copyright.PENANAtdgeOBilMl
正因如此,現今有不少針對CSC研究一直進行中,希望可以找出辦法消滅這些CSC。573Please respect copyright.PENANAzKvc5XfE3L
573Please respect copyright.PENANAyQuH8taQPB
573Please respect copyright.PENANAVsT7bIcR6z
(圖2)CSC之所以非常之難消滅,原因就是他有各式各樣的機制躲避化療追擊,如陳同佳這天下大仆街一樣詭計多端。573Please respect copyright.PENANAWki4rOPeuX573Please respect copyright.PENANA2ItJ4lvUpr
573Please respect copyright.PENANAbfQgLzXNKz
其中一例就是CSC會產生名為ABCG2的蛋白質,這些ABCG2蛋白質有著將化療藥物排出細胞體外的效果,導致化療藥物無法長期留在細胞內,大幅度失去藥效。573Please respect copyright.PENANAI32WFq94f2
573Please respect copyright.PENANAM8eM8KUk9W
(圖3)有科學家發現(Ref1),名為SMAR1蛋白質有抑制ABCG2產生的功效。亦即是說,SMAR1蛋白質含量越低的話,ABCG2就越容易能夠生產出來。573Please respect copyright.PENANATQ3uQX3Jaw
573Please respect copyright.PENANAAO0cHg3rTU573Please respect copyright.PENANAz3iHPmCjYL
573Please respect copyright.PENANA8O1PK3ZNag
573Please respect copyright.PENANAKnKccpJHL1
而CSC內有兩隻名為OCT4及SOX2的蛋白質,他們能夠抑制SMAR1的蛋白質產生,導致ABCG2更容易產生出來,令細胞更容易將藥物排出體外。573Please respect copyright.PENANAP41lQDyfl7
573Please respect copyright.PENANAzV0YJAa7I8
573Please respect copyright.PENANAQ2FTsXYTst
(圖4)尋覓已知資料一輪後,阿斯匹靈為已證實可抑制OCT4及SOX2蛋白質的藥物,同時亦不會被ABCG2有效排出。573Please respect copyright.PENANADgaLDMXizA573Please respect copyright.PENANANZcFCFRNXI
573Please respect copyright.PENANATvwfXQQ89P
這裡無疑會產生一道詢問,若果利用阿斯匹靈抑制ABCG2的產生,同時再加上化療藥物的話,會否是殺死CSC的一道妙計呢?573Please respect copyright.PENANAbFvJXsdSud
573Please respect copyright.PENANA9ookcVdWVq
573Please respect copyright.PENANAr58c3OUsbp
(圖5)在老鼠實驗中,同時用上阿斯匹靈及化療藥物Doxorubicin的話,的確可以令腫瘤大幅度縮小。573Please respect copyright.PENANAIubSqyg38I573Please respect copyright.PENANAA0mIxwMVru
573Please respect copyright.PENANAlBJZbLSEWq
但在這實驗中,單獨用上阿斯匹靈已能導致腫瘤縮小,而且文章亦沒有確實證據指出腫瘤縮小的原因是否因為少了CSC的緣故。573Please respect copyright.PENANAD1G8pDEQuH
573Please respect copyright.PENANAW9Z9H2iTJb
雖有理論證據在背後支持,但用上阿斯匹靈輔助化療效果的理論還需要確實的實驗結果再作進一步的證實。573Please respect copyright.PENANAPk6nUxtJSp
573Please respect copyright.PENANAoMOpQm6Uua
573Please respect copyright.PENANARD6aTZaVI9
到底阿斯匹靈輔助化療效果的理論得以確實先,還是陳同住到台灣自首先呢?573Please respect copyright.PENANAIlrTjTFmXw
573Please respect copyright.PENANAvkk3JGr3Xu
答案呼之欲出!573Please respect copyright.PENANAHwSTpMI0U1
573Please respect copyright.PENANAdA8fPeiJQa
573Please respect copyright.PENANAQTfYNru13U
573Please respect copyright.PENANAEz3xtuZJAW
如果想我快啲出文的話,請入去Penana網站科普專欄–薯不揀單俾一個like以及Bookmark,這對我非常之重要。573Please respect copyright.PENANAhxVxJ2moRL
573Please respect copyright.PENANAjckXoBPzEI
Link: https://www.penana.com/story/66244/%E7%A7%91%E6%99%AE%E5%B0%88%E6%AC%84-%E8%96%AF%E4%B8%8D%E6%8F%80%E5%96%AE/toc573Please respect copyright.PENANAK3S5P6ACtm
573Please respect copyright.PENANALjHSuxo5xB
同時亦可以在Penana網站裡按「買一嚿/半嚿薯仔」,以課金的方式推動我繼續搜羅資料寫文,多謝。573Please respect copyright.PENANA1nBhTl5SKh
573Please respect copyright.PENANAWCbi9Yjlv8
Link:573Please respect copyright.PENANAZSMClVElvJ
https://www.penana.com/user/27349/%E8%96%AF%E4%BB%94%E8%81%9E%E8%8C%B1%E8%8E%89/portfolio573Please respect copyright.PENANAoTGTl0joqi
573Please respect copyright.PENANAlZ9d801WlG
573Please respect copyright.PENANAY3b3dNKRox
有興趣接收科學資訊的話,歡迎follow IG: potatopigtongue。573Please respect copyright.PENANARNpzzCASib
573Please respect copyright.PENANAlQQb8JL3Hh
https://www.instagram.com/potatopigtongue/573Please respect copyright.PENANAJDAI07Jvp6
573Please respect copyright.PENANAYNpy43TYxq
Ref1:https://stke.sciencemag.org/content/13/654/eaay6077573Please respect copyright.PENANA6lre4EBXuU