雪櫃、冷氣機、水煲等等各電器不時都會散發出熱力。672Please respect copyright.PENANArmCs1QXvcP
如果將這些多餘的熱力轉化成為電力,便能夠更有效運用資源,不作浪費。672Please respect copyright.PENANADyz75Tcr4c672Please respect copyright.PENANAgMGXtDwPAd
672Please respect copyright.PENANAoRWxxYzTUD
(圖2)繼續深入講解之前,我們先以非常簡單的方法概括一下發電的原理。672Please respect copyright.PENANAfLMBggZ52H672Please respect copyright.PENANAYhoE3XCX44
672Please respect copyright.PENANAuXBFGeTak4
只要電子在閉合電路單方向流動,就能促成電流,提供電力讓燈泡發光。672Please respect copyright.PENANAd0NFe6r6Ry
672Please respect copyright.PENANAKRVwSb1aPq
(圖3)要把熱力有效轉化為電力,我們需要一樣能夠有效傳遞電子而同時又不會傳遞熱力的物料。672Please respect copyright.PENANAcUsJRkNBKn
672Please respect copyright.PENANAfuZkv37iUI
有科學家最近發表文章(Ref1),利用化學物ferricyanide ion Fe(CN)6 –4作為媒體把熱力轉化為電力。672Please respect copyright.PENANAHrVbnPPa1K672Please respect copyright.PENANAUh6lJkp3oz
672Please respect copyright.PENANAMeGiIfYWEM
選用Fe(CN)6 –4的原因基於其兩種特質。672Please respect copyright.PENANAnLipfuaRZ0
672Please respect copyright.PENANAzaLT6tP2U0
1.它遇冷(約攝氏20度左右)的時候,再加上Guanidinium ion的輔助下便會變成固體結晶。672Please respect copyright.PENANAiKbNFM2SVF
672Please respect copyright.PENANATPKZMN9k74
2.它遇熱的時候會放出電子並成為Fe(CN)6 –3。672Please respect copyright.PENANAXERyXXI5g7
672Please respect copyright.PENANARgrGFIBdm9
(圖4)以下就是利用熱力發電的精髓要點。672Please respect copyright.PENANAxRZjpKvuWb672Please respect copyright.PENANAPpWJEn7inq
672Please respect copyright.PENANALLWUs44eBx
1.Fe(CN)6 –4遇上外間熱力(例如電器所散發出的熱力),因而會釋發電子並成為Fe(CN)6 –3。672Please respect copyright.PENANA5l2Ts5m6uG
672Please respect copyright.PENANAPbfS7q3T0z
2.電子在閉合電路走動,產生電流,讓燈泡發亮。672Please respect copyright.PENANAfcwDuCviwJ
672Please respect copyright.PENANAckmYb8rvmR
3.電子到達另一端的凍金屬棒(約攝氏20度)後,從第1點所得來的Fe(CN)6 –3便會接收電子,變回Fe(CN)6 –4。672Please respect copyright.PENANAxgKU2ip1Xd
672Please respect copyright.PENANA40jQX36CmL
4.Fe(CN)6 –4在Guanidinium ion的輔助下變成固體結晶。672Please respect copyright.PENANAzJmDST0wcX
固體相對上傳熱的能力比液體較弱,因而減低了熱金屬棒把熱力傳到凍金屬棒的效率,促使凍金屬棒及熱金屬棒維持著溫差。672Please respect copyright.PENANA9rxubeQ36P
672Please respect copyright.PENANAMQjhrnOKoI
5.在地心吸力的影響下,固體結晶會趨往金屬棒那方。而在熱力的影響下,固體結晶變回液態Fe(CN)6 –4,重回第1點不斷循環。672Please respect copyright.PENANAmEmLikKbUx
672Please respect copyright.PENANAGOGhnsDU2l
綜合來說,科學家巧妙利用了Fe(CN)6 –4遇熱釋出電子的特點,以及遇冷配合Guanidinium結成固體、固體不易傳熱的特質,建造了有效傳遞電子而同時又不會有效傳遞熱力的物料。672Please respect copyright.PENANA2f3TjV0wJl
672Please respect copyright.PENANAQMVNLvyV6B
(圖5)科學家在文中亦嘗試利用20個圖4的模組,在兩極維持50度的溫差下,提供電力予各用途之上。672Please respect copyright.PENANAT40X4lqEnd672Please respect copyright.PENANAzXVqpwkKLg
672Please respect copyright.PENANAZ3JUyk8h1f
現在需要解決的問題,就是找出收集多餘熱力的有效方法及物料,引導熱力到模組裡頭。672Please respect copyright.PENANANUz0dTeXC8
文章作者表示現時已積極尋找物料,相信假以時日絕有可能會在市面見到收集電器熱力發電的設備。672Please respect copyright.PENANAuwClKciUJJ
672Please respect copyright.PENANAK6BuQNV6Wy
如果想我快啲出文的話,請入去Penana網站科普專欄–薯不揀單俾一個like以及Bookmark,這對我非常之重要。672Please respect copyright.PENANAnB42kpk4pi
672Please respect copyright.PENANAZnacARo8Au
Link: https://www.penana.com/story/66244/%E7%A7%91%E6%99%AE%E5%B0%88%E6%AC%84-%E8%96%AF%E4%B8%8D%E6%8F%80%E5%96%AE/toc672Please respect copyright.PENANAWp26fn4rWE
672Please respect copyright.PENANAnwF9BkSHX8
同時亦可以在Penana網站裡按「買一嚿/半嚿薯仔」,以課金的方式推動我繼續搜羅資料寫文,多謝。672Please respect copyright.PENANAVhxnlQCuUn
672Please respect copyright.PENANA6oXXSWcPfU
Link:672Please respect copyright.PENANAMuONVoG65i
https://www.penana.com/user/27349/%E8%96%AF%E4%BB%94%E8%81%9E%E8%8C%B1%E8%8E%89/portfolio672Please respect copyright.PENANAaxMgDah6hi
672Please respect copyright.PENANAEvV9aJBOMh
672Please respect copyright.PENANAqiUr0kxIuG
有興趣接收科學資訊的話,歡迎follow IG: potatopigtongue。672Please respect copyright.PENANAn1NgVRWa8Z
672Please respect copyright.PENANAiSKLbXzjaV
Ref1:https://science.sciencemag.org/content/early/2020/09/09/science.abd6749672Please respect copyright.PENANA18i5fFpPuM