癌細胞逃避免疫細胞追殺的手段何其之多，除了較早前提及的PD1/PD1L手段之外，他們亦會用上民建聯蛇齋餅糉的手段應對免疫細胞。519Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡ7ZLjXviX3T
519Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡd5AcGrtMwl
519Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡGepHORCTpF
PD1/PD1L手段:https://lih.kg/gzGnLS519Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡ60UQWAZABC
519Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡBM16scSA79
519Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡjAUpUny33m
（圖2）癌細胞(尤其是腦癌)會表達大量的TDO蛋白酶，TDO蛋白酶會將從外來吸取的氨基酸Tryptophan代謝成為Kynureine;519Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡGR66HIceD6
整個代謝過程是在癌細胞的內部發生。519Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡLmaFUtxRu0
519Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡFH4qRLMhvx
519Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡDvPOgTLuEr
（圖3）癌細胞可以自用Kynurenine來觸發AhR蛋白質，輔助自己的生長。519Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡJLvm6FA551
519Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡWVScBrEtA1
同時間，癌細胞亦可將Kynurenine排出四周，而當周遭的免疫細胞吸取Kynurenine後，他們殲滅癌細胞的能力便會下降。519Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡrH1BFQGyYd
519Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡZ1dInM4P4P
亦即是說，當免疫細胞獲取癌細胞所提供的蛇齋餅糉（Kynurenine）後，隨之便會被成功收買，不再侵襲癌細胞。519Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡKI9eec74Fa
519Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡXB3DnFdmDk
（圖4）除Kynurenine外，二噁英亦能觸發AhR蛋白質，為癌細胞締造一道美好的生存環境。519Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡ1gykpmf6f5
519Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡW8Jq0TxMdS
519Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡEQ51PHeczB
現今有不少癌症藥物正試圖阻隔AhR蛋白質的觸發來消滅癌症，但亦有證據指出過度阻隔AhR蛋白質有機會反而助長癌細胞的生長，以及引發不良的過敏炎症。519Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡTk61cZNe5S
519Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡqFar1QL13g
除研發阻隔AhR蛋白質藥物外，亦有一道方向是研發藥物減低周遭的Kynurenine濃度，減低癌細胞弱化周遭免疫細胞的能力。519Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡyDx66BNkog
519Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡLILsZPHqsn
若然成功，或許能配合現有的免疫治療PD1方法加強效果，消滅癌症。519Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡw0kvGuhwU8
519Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡIBhXVWz3yU
如果想我快啲出文的話，請入去Penana網站科普專欄–薯不揀單俾一個like以及Bookmark，這對我非常之重要。519Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡsbTrPY5eIK
519Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡzFcJp2RprR
Link: https://www.penana.com/story/66244/%E7%A7%91%E6%99%AE%E5%B0%88%E6%AC%84-%E8%96%AF%E4%B8%8D%E6%8F%80%E5%96%AE/toc519Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡEhNJY6Wyk1
519Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡgc7OIH2Y5d
同時亦可以在Penana網站裡按「買一嚿/半嚿薯仔」，以課金的方式推動我繼續搜羅資料寫文，多謝。519Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡBl6cOnjesU
519Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡi3mxe4TH0t
Link:519Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡQV6ctO1qtc
https://www.penana.com/user/27349/%E8%96%AF%E4%BB%94%E8%81%9E%E8%8C%B1%E8%8E%89/portfolio519Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡu7xFvs9d7h
519Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡNXF5EIRMTS
519Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡLAdMrQaE9Q
基於WhatsApp/Facebook等問題，IG將不會再作更新，只會寄居本土LIHKG及Penana。519Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡglfmV1Cz9l
519Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡKNG8xbdLsi
Ref1:https://www.nature.com/articles/nature10491519Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡZdNqcONRih
Ref2:https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0165614717302249519Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡJ4sHlAGSdO
