現今已知接近有7萬幾種的基因變異會引起疾病。412Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡRaQnqAeffX
412Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡrNCdvpWJR0
412Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡIENxyR8Gkr
隨著CRISPR基因編輯技術的興起，將會為根治這些疾病帶來曙光。412Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡt25QnKGBEC
412Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡ9sJK2KhXRP
412Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡla6y96s9nr
（圖2）圖中將展示「舊式」的編輯方法HDR（Homology Directed Repair)機制。412Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡ1j8TZmlZRv
412Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡnfSXrvTnrx
412Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡseGn0jdmVO
sgRNA將會引領Cas9蛋白質抵達不理想的基因突變位置，其後Cas9蛋白質會將基因斬斷成兩截；412Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡfQsbMiCsTD
412Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡ1ZnlkYnxS8
根據Cas9蛋白質的特性，可修改至只斬一條特定的DNA位置，其後會再提及。412Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡnGY2bZhrHJ
412Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡ8opZEGgBlN
（圖3）此時候，如果將盛載想修改的基因排組送到斷成兩截的基因附近，細胞便會加以利用，將原本的紫色區域改成為黃色區域。412Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡweY6nWvO5m
412Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡUTgZTXjAZg
412Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡv3oKvUtimU
但這個方法的隨機性非常之高，最終結果有可能會出現基因刪減，又或者是其他基因排組的插入。412Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡcQPLz65ZMh
412Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡJTBloEA6Hj
套用基因編輯技術於治療病人身上的話，精準度必須要非常之高，此手段明顯並不理想。412Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡB6KLIXKKLO
412Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡlMnwvQkxY8
412Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡoqJ2PqcTV8
（圖4）至於新式編輯方法Prime Editing方面，同樣亦是套用CRISPR技術，但各組件及理念則有所修改。412Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡwYqe6bKKSl
412Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡr4ffHaAQnF
412Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡ44Ve0bB1ZA
擁有Transcriptase Domain的Cas9變種蛋白質將會被含有預想修改基因排組的pegRNA引領到不理想的基因突變位置，而這一次只會斬斷特定的一條DNA。412Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡT7IRCaDCZo
412Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡHsc2ajqn6b
412Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡ3XcfoqZv8n
（圖5）其後，Cas9變種蛋白質會讀取pegRNA內含的預想修改基因排組，並將一條DNA的基因排組成功修改。412Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡFtF4po5voL
412Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡTQuh7euIOf
412Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡTjoyRl4TRe
經過一系列難以深入淺出的程序後，最終亦會完成成功修改雙方兩截的DNA。412Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡf5gEcOzcy0
412Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡrXWdzTXHKh
（圖6）紅色區域為不理想的基因修改結果(Ref2)，新式編輯方法PrimeEditing明顯優勝於舊式編輯方法HDR，但仍有一定程度的進步空間。412Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡRuNFzvOPiE
412Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡU3oyHlAHkG
412Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡHRpjdfkln8
有朝一日，CRISPR基因編輯技術定必會在治療疾病上得以普及化。412Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡZMUw01r6PV
412Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡwZ3DqzH8O1
如果想我快啲出文的話，請入去Penana網站科普專欄–薯不揀單俾一個like以及Bookmark，這對我非常之重要。412Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡz45KSSyhsg
412Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡvm62zjsEiA
Link: https://www.penana.com/story/66244/%E7%A7%91%E6%99%AE%E5%B0%88%E6%AC%84-%E8%96%AF%E4%B8%8D%E6%8F%80%E5%96%AE/toc412Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡ5CRpiK53rL
412Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡdU97sYIO6t
同時亦可以在Penana網站裡按「買一嚿/半嚿薯仔」，以課金的方式推動我繼續搜羅資料寫文，多謝。412Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡ2u5K8VWwHA
412Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡtBXxjaE511
Link:412Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡikRz84Jpbw
https://www.penana.com/user/27349/%E8%96%AF%E4%BB%94%E8%81%9E%E8%8C%B1%E8%8E%89/portfolio412Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡdxNMHQ28iT
412Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡmhc5sR2Sfj
412Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡKGCJRHAkmb
Ref1:https://www.nature.com/articles/s41586-019-1711-4412Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡEOVRTA8rGg
Ref2:https://www.nature.com/articles/s41467-020-19136-7
00
ns52.14.133.33da2
