隨著細胞的基因變異一直累積，正常細胞形成癌細胞的機會亦會相應提升。543Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡiuFTQdenHq
543Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡ6WUCmyZRbb
但細胞是否只需要基因變異這一個誘因便能夠轉化為癌細胞呢？543Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡJX8hOFmBGS
543Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡQJQ2LJC0u6
這一方面還有一定程度的斟酌空間。543Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡTRblG4mWEX
543Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡTZh8wJWBH3
543Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡlu7MHTqTbc
舉例來說，NOTCH1基因變異被認定為是推進食道細胞轉化成為癌細胞的其中一個原因。543Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡHrfzv9DsXA
543Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡP9hGahBXxq
但在長者的健康食道細胞裡頭，約有30-80%的細胞均擁有NOTCH1基因變異，而他們身體並沒有出現及發生食道癌。543Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡsBVPmo9WwC
543Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡhcMaEN9IPS
543Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡ5vs8DpmnGL
（圖2）而在老鼠實驗方面，單憑服用DMBA (引致Hras基因變異)或Croton oil(引致發炎效用，不會促進基因變異)的話，並不會引起癌細胞的出現。543Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡE9DJ9wV2Tv
543Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡo3vxijQES3
唯獨兩者以先後的方式給予老鼠的話，癌細胞才會有所形成。543Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡUWNSkXYbo3
543Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡg77fufawlZ
543Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡ2JcOxaxPyt
543Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡnb5bSX9ovX
這不禁讓科學家開始思考一道問題，是否基因變異再加上某種特定條件，就可以促進癌細胞形成呢？543Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡKoAjvTnTY5
543Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡBHH9uLwEFT
（圖3）為解答這個問題，英國開始了名為Mutographs的計劃，543Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡTctAWwRaVi
543Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡhiiAzlEj2P
543Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡimVBpU98q9
集5大洲超過5000個病人的癌細胞基因圖譜(主要集中在食道、大腸、腎臟及胰臟癌)，543Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡv2PrNHW7hD
543Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡbAFk656vZE
同時比對病人的日常習慣(食用習慣、酒精飲用、熱飲喜好等等)，543Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡqCfNbREK0d
543Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡCyRqCX5z1X
其中一個目標就是想找出哪一種特殊條件配上某一個基因變異會特別容易促進癌細胞的形成。543Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡPCDK7uw3Nk
543Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡVpe6XWYLa1
若然能得出確切的結果並附上內裡的細胞機制支持的話，這將會為預防癌症形成的領域作出重大的貢獻。543Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡEwfUCcNtw6
543Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡF1T1cxlzwi
以上的資料均取自Ref1。543Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡA4fyYz7eMS
543Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡUVbhAAs3pS
543Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡpeVHV19uT2
如果想我快啲出文的話，請入去Penana網站科普專欄–薯不揀單俾一個like以及Bookmark，這對我非常之重要。543Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡuwSXQUJj2m
543Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡCWcy6Bo2jB
Link: https://www.penana.com/story/66244/%E7%A7%91%E6%99%AE%E5%B0%88%E6%AC%84-%E8%96%AF%E4%B8%8D%E6%8F%80%E5%96%AE/toc543Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡCQ5RnWO3kd
543Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡMM8nsQKaLp
同時亦可以在Penana網站裡按「買一嚿/半嚿薯仔」，以課金的方式推動我繼續搜羅資料寫文，多謝。543Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡyWbypc5oM0
543Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡVHmvS3BXuf
Link:543Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡf1iVA7nobk
https://www.penana.com/user/27349/%E8%96%AF%E4%BB%94%E8%81%9E%E8%8C%B1%E8%8E%89/portfolio543Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡPAV2NMreSh
543Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡCvid7QBnvL
543Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡk5hhwVlWHP
有興趣接收科學資訊的話，歡迎follow IG: potatopigtongue。543Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡCD9asHbqFl
543Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡjo3ewOBZdp
https://www.instagram.com/potatopigtongue/543Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡEnx8Qp9ylL
543Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡW9Wuu6Cyob
Ref1:https://www.nature.com/articles/s41588-020-00727-5
00
ns216.73.216.100da2
