隨著細胞的基因變異一直累積，正常細胞形成癌細胞的機會亦會相應提升。535Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡV65coNQe7c
535Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡyO15yXBnLX
但細胞是否只需要基因變異這一個誘因便能夠轉化為癌細胞呢？535Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡNftOaFEiLC
535Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡiuvaEd73vs
這一方面還有一定程度的斟酌空間。535Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡgV2eojX4MN
535Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡjy4HwgnirQ
535Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡROOFwisbzg
舉例來說，NOTCH1基因變異被認定為是推進食道細胞轉化成為癌細胞的其中一個原因。535Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡATYlB5mAUu
535Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡ22WVdMWQAV
但在長者的健康食道細胞裡頭，約有30-80%的細胞均擁有NOTCH1基因變異，而他們身體並沒有出現及發生食道癌。535Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡdqfI7wp3gB
535Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡDCzVdzLQd3
535Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡ41VuZhhApq
（圖2）而在老鼠實驗方面，單憑服用DMBA (引致Hras基因變異)或Croton oil(引致發炎效用，不會促進基因變異)的話，並不會引起癌細胞的出現。535Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡhHyCwhIYtz
535Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡ5YwmL6568V
唯獨兩者以先後的方式給予老鼠的話，癌細胞才會有所形成。535Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡm89Y222a2r
535Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡ1MhXBDiRMm
535Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡ0eL6RirG74
535Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡBjHCDp73ZD
這不禁讓科學家開始思考一道問題，是否基因變異再加上某種特定條件，就可以促進癌細胞形成呢？535Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡuIkEbMdSAT
535Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡD3X7ftlzwY
（圖3）為解答這個問題，英國開始了名為Mutographs的計劃，535Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡ7ZqmvZrM8F
535Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡFRrBjadjD1
535Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡxrJKyiKkJU
集5大洲超過5000個病人的癌細胞基因圖譜(主要集中在食道、大腸、腎臟及胰臟癌)，535Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡDVdlbd72oj
535Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡpRGkXm5E0l
同時比對病人的日常習慣(食用習慣、酒精飲用、熱飲喜好等等)，535Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡWALBbFWN0E
535Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡNBjq9NGesM
其中一個目標就是想找出哪一種特殊條件配上某一個基因變異會特別容易促進癌細胞的形成。535Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡtGCyYIuliJ
535Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡeRV9M1rGcH
若然能得出確切的結果並附上內裡的細胞機制支持的話，這將會為預防癌症形成的領域作出重大的貢獻。535Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡVjPv6vxBJ6
535Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡWxOQjeO3zh
以上的資料均取自Ref1。535Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡcqohwcBnWB
535Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡTinDyDXtPh
535Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡYCqAGoxygj
如果想我快啲出文的話，請入去Penana網站科普專欄–薯不揀單俾一個like以及Bookmark，這對我非常之重要。535Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡh757DyXD8w
535Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡzlvfboIxYE
Link: https://www.penana.com/story/66244/%E7%A7%91%E6%99%AE%E5%B0%88%E6%AC%84-%E8%96%AF%E4%B8%8D%E6%8F%80%E5%96%AE/toc535Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡfTzzr4H4Iu
535Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡWB2SM9QRtj
同時亦可以在Penana網站裡按「買一嚿/半嚿薯仔」，以課金的方式推動我繼續搜羅資料寫文，多謝。535Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡhSn9ZOgtFi
535Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡZDcsm0QMzT
Link:535Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡ3zapghxoYc
https://www.penana.com/user/27349/%E8%96%AF%E4%BB%94%E8%81%9E%E8%8C%B1%E8%8E%89/portfolio535Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡVh7j3EvKh6
535Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡnF91119M6d
535Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡqwgHALSwWV
有興趣接收科學資訊的話，歡迎follow IG: potatopigtongue。535Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡ3UPRoSroXH
535Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡzGDkwAwi1p
https://www.instagram.com/potatopigtongue/535Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡBhYTxBMdoh
535Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡILV3evaVfS
Ref1:https://www.nature.com/articles/s41588-020-00727-5
00
ns216.73.216.203da2
