x
之前佢成立嘅國際非洲協會31Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡYbUS1tbXXI
喺呢段時間慢慢變咗做吹水會31Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡWEDuawEhaK
各國各自成立自己嘅探險隊去非洲31Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡ6pQYEpxl0h
務求喺最短嘅時間擸最多嘅地31Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡmErb4gkcAY
而本來個協會嘅主要功能係協調各國同分享資訊31Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡTpuiDRyoO2
但係各國都各自為政，搵到咩都唔講31Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡNiH3sgw4lD
利奧波德二世知道咁落去遲早會有邊界糾紛甚至衝突31Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡU7XqKxwbOQ
佢要諗辦法鞏固佢喺剛果地區嘅主導地位31Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡ8iJX7BJdXv
所以佢要儘快遊說各個列強承認佢嗰堆土地所有權轉讓書31Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡDo00YYNvJg
31Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡkMW7ZC2Q4J
其實葡萄牙喺十五世紀末已經發現剛果河嘅出海口31Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡU55M2eh22Y
並且喺嗰度南岸建立咗個根據地31Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡ2vukmOSlAi
不過一路都冇再深入剛果盆地31Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡBSqi2uuDT0
隨住十九世紀初葡萄牙國力日漸衰弱31Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡRrXl1w4Wad
佢喺嗰度只係有名冇實嘅存在31Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡ9gkFbO6yVa
1822年巴西獨立31Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡkwxtugqMin
(最衰都係個國王老豆逼到個仔作反,葡萄牙就係嗰時開始加速衰弱 )
後來英國喺拿破崙戰爭期間31Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡh40GHwGhbl
以葡萄牙為根據地反攻西班牙31Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡmKBbzyMx9O
英國佬當正係自己殖民地咁31Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡuKnDj3DGOq
喺葡萄牙盤踞咗成十幾年先肯走31Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡOiH4C2vopt
所以一路以嚟兩地嘅商業交往都好頻繁31Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡWi6NGMMdao
因為咁剛果河口嘅利益英國都係有份嘅31Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡvgTVgnmhk4
利奧波德二世第一個遊說目標就係英國
首先佢借住史丹利個名31Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡIXXmkjWP3i
喺英國發動咗一系列嘅宣傳同遊說活動31Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡfpM8QTE5yS
主力控訴葡萄牙喺剛果河口嘅奴隸貿易31Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡ1zi5EmSP3H
引起咗個唔細嘅輿論壓力畀英國政府31Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡ25Ykk2d8wg
同時佢又私底下向英國嘅商會保證31Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡ6GP5fWITZJ
如果佢控制到剛果盆地31Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡsWlXI1daV8
佢會好似葡萄牙咁畀最優惠國待遇畀英國31Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡP0kNeMRi3C
英國佬不嬲都冇乜興趣開發嗰度31Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡ0vIFJOl7w3
當聽到有人肯咁傻仔去做開荒牛31Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡvxu7F1LrnF
佢淨係需要等到搞掂晒再入去做生意就ok31Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡCD51YxfLHs
最緊要係利奧波德二世嘅名聲唔差信得過31Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡgnsaBaK2fI
比利時又係中立國應該唔會同英國作對31Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡQz8VHVqNKE
呢單嘢deal得過喎!Deal啦!
跟住到法國佬31Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡuLM4DbYfcV
呢個就難搞啲31Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡYGGdpooQT7
因為法國喺剛果河口北岸沿海有塊殖民地31Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡgm7F6HOOTM
佢可能想要埋成個剛果盆地31Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡJTKzeDJrDf
不過普法戰爭過咗十年唔夠31Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡ85VERhGieJ
法國畀德意志帝國強姦完31Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡ0jsa0s27ZS
元氣仲未恢復31Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡya3zCutGCV
加上佢地而家同英國鬥快玩緊非洲過三關31Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡfo5pOju2jl
(法國嘅橫斷非洲同英國嘅縱斷非洲,目的係唔使兜大圈去亞洲)31Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡLmEzSFA83q
主力係擸北非嘅殖民地嚟做北非走廊31Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡCxfNJrhxNO
中非嘅利益唔係咁直接31Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡSNtfP3Wznt
利奧波德二世又落嘴頭話31Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡyXAYsUc1y0
如果佢自己一個到最後唔夠錢搞唔掂個剛果盆地嘅話31Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡw4loS5xyZl
咁就成個畀晒法國31Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡkFHARFgEkI
法國佬心諗你比利時咁細兜31Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡ24D3GfkKUM
實吞唔晒個剛果㗎喎31Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡXk9T9QZLx6
等你開完一輪荒先都好呀31Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡaVFhrOLpJt
就咁樣利奧波德二世又搞掂一個列強喇31Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡXpHgDx4iF3
場非洲過三關喺1898年終於玩到最後一格喇,呢格叫法紹達31Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡSMDjvmdJyi
唔知邊個贏呢?
然後就德意志帝國31Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡPEz9UemC92
佢啱啱統一咗十年左右31Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡojypFcWjGM
非洲佢仲未霸到好多地31Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡL2jka1Sznu
主要都係喺東非31Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡEII2agMMsK
中非佢未有計劃去搞住31Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡ4ep7KvG8a1
利奧波德二世又拍晒心口話支持各國商人喺剛果盆地做生意31Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡlA0zboHcH5
(俾斯麥:你個仆街唔係話畀英國最惠國㗎咩?)31Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡPQzOg0EElN
不過德國佬覺得由一個中立國控制中非31Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡjTdtY7nrZE
總比英國同法國是旦一個好啲31Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡBUUSf5MlnK
所以德國呢邊又搞掂31Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡnocwF1F4ch
31Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡ5eEXkCRatI
最後係美國31Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡLxBS3pxIxI
佢喺非洲係冇乜利益嘅31Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡPEFsAlV1gN
不過佢對廢奴主義就好有興趣31Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡ35K80rfIm3
利奧波德二世請咗前美國駐比利時大使31Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡQCYNBHBt9r
大有錢佬桑福德做說客31Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡqK7xHJ79ZD
佢將利奧波德二世嘅計劃31Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡewF6WjvbDS
描繪成一個令剛果嘅黑鬼徹底擺脫阿拉伯奴隸主嘅奴役31Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡ8mJjAFM74R
同時幫助佢地融入耶撚世界嘅義舉31Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡMzZZjKbEkW
北面州份啲左膠個個聽到扯晒旗31Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡqHHbokUDZB
佢又暗中對住南邊啲鄉下佬推銷回歸非洲運動(a.k.a.趕黑鬼走運動)31Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡIqFitASm10
表示剛果會收留嗰啲喺廢除奴隸制後出現嘅"自由黑鬼”31Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡKwPuLDEqnZ
啲鄉下佬一聽到可以趕走啲黑鬼31Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡ6612k6AB8S
個個都舉腳贊成31Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡKEXatGlyG0
有咗輿論基礎之後31Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡ6aihLrygqj
佢就隊咗堆"經細心整理"嘅土地所有權轉讓書畀美國總統過目31Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡhht3Yum0Pb
結果喺1884年4月22日美國總統宣布31Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡmZKZMmFcey
承認利奧波德二世嘅國際剛果協會(佢喺1878年成立嚟取代國際非洲協會)擁有剛果盆地嘅全部土地權益31Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡZvmYMmG6Hn
桑福德(Henry Shelton Sanford)31Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡgxrv3qF5IJ
美國史上第一個幫外國老細辦事嘅說客
美國係第一個國家正式承認嗰堆土地所有權轉讓書31Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡitshaONYXV
其他小國見到啲列強正式或者非正式嘅表態後都紛紛歸邊31Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡfSpCzU9i2F
不過呢個時候葡萄牙就開始淆底喇31Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡ8weiQBvtIm
畀利奧波德二世咁樣擸吓擸吓31Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡzb8Ai4fWFS
容乜易畀佢擸埋我剛果河口南岸(名義上)嘅地㗎31Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡeVzaFQTQ7i
於是佢就搵佢(實際上)嘅前宗主國英國撐腰31Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡdS9nyZcEZL
同當時嘅歐陸霸主德意志帝國投訴喇31Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡT6Pva55y1R
英國其實對比利時控制中非冇乜意見31Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡZkHA5uvlFf
不過佢都驚佢擸過籠去到東岸嘅印度洋31Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡcuRq3VT0xr
咁英國個過三關部署就會有危險31Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡ4qlpCcmxih
至於德國佬俾斯麥就諗31Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡ1qGuoKVd5x
德國喺非洲仲未企穩陣腳31Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡoo5kCU9MOU
呢個時候唔可以有亂局出現31Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡpvV14WQvcV
不如襯呢個機會協調吓大家喺非洲嘅利益啦31Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡ4QLZyWWzvG
佢就決定喺1884年11月15日31Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡewSQPqh8Sg
搞個柏林會議畀啲列強坐低分餅仔喇31Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡW1NksQsZYr
同俾斯麥傾緊嗰個係桑福德,代表緊美國31Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡI2nM4Q4Ypc
史丹利就作為技術顧問參與會議31Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡq5Ox8Nc8QU
佢兩個同時都係收緊利奧波德二世嘅比利時法郎幫緊佢做嘢
去到呢一步棋31Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡKGlixXk9Zr
利奧波德二世可以叫CHECK喇31Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡ4FkQ6NyRhZ
咁究竟佢同邊個捉緊棋呢?31Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡTO0zURNMce
唔係法國佬，唔係英國佬，更加唔係德國佬31Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡjZ3OF1yxEh
利奧波德二世先唔會咁不自量力31Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡQlDgkOcFT5
佢只係利用列強間嘅矛盾31Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡvjIKvEdSQB
通過外交手段誘導佢地作出對自己有利嘅決定啫31Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡSwxMjmWQ1k
31Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡheVOwCjb70
佢嘅對手其實係葡萄牙31Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡZwLCNZcZ08
(搞笑嘅係葡萄牙要到呢刻先知道同人捉緊棋)31Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡ14ckCDpjre
當初葡萄牙佔盡優勢，剛果盆地本來就係佢嘅囊中物31Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡAxZbwe3PWM
如果係佢接觸史丹利先嘅話31Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡhZRlPwbV8o
唔好話剛果盆地吖31Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡELfcFMzNiy
利奧波德二世連剛果毛都唔會有條呀31Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡeFxACMgGvq
機會真係留畀有準備嘅人㗎31Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡlrP16nWjau
喺呢刻列強已經企晒喺利奧波德二世嗰邊喇31Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡQG52Z57nt1
會議決定將剛果河口同盆地判畀國際剛果協會31Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡWraNYdij3Z
利奧波德二世私人持有嘅"非牟利慈善團體”31Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡrhq0wZJT0Y
嗰時利奧波德二世未夠五十歲31Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡA8lSqXuqgJ
佢三十歲嗰年登基31Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡJwBfnulasa
唔使廿年就由冇到有咁31Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡ8KLfR83Sj9
攞咗個面積有大半個西歐嘅殖民地返嚟31Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡx6T72QlUrQ
仲要係列強心甘情願畀嘅31Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡZiBfit72e1
呢啲就係外交嘅力量喇31Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡV2vs4V9y4V
1884年柏林會議分餅仔嘅結果31Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡO8hXpDbajW
呢啲就係利奧波德二世外交嘅勝利喇
歐洲同剛果嘅面積對比圖31Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡTVVCIfURuh
要留意因為麥卡托投影法31Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡbiWAI8BpQB
距離赤道比較遠嘅歐洲31Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡW51yIrMhuM
喺實際上會比地圖上細好多
![[offtopic]](https://cdn.lihkg.com/assets/faces/normal/offtopic.gif)
31Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡWqlsyIuVDg
喺呢道要講少少葡萄牙之後嘅故事31Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡt5PQOvzsSq
葡萄牙其實都有自己嘅盤算嘅31Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡXEYnojyskC
佢本身喺剛果西南嘅安哥拉31Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡugJXncCAag
同東南嘅莫桑比克都有殖民地嘅31Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡleYGlG0BZp
之前一路都只係沿住海岸捉啲黑鬼過巴西做奴隸種吓嘢咁31Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡnx6eaVP9jm
自從巴西獨立冇咗條大財路後31Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡHUSZzfujdO
呢兩度佢都冇乜點理31Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡKErIbdhWD2
但喺19世紀中佢意識到31Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡ3yhX0gH8zu
其實非洲內陸都有好多資源可以發展㗎喎31Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡ4t5sbRUOkj
於是佢喺1860年代開始31Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡdbFJWLpcuZ
實行重返非洲政策31Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡ9XZCM0u8Cn
開始諗吓點開發運用呢啲內陸地區31Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡv9BHqTUrJw
卒之喺柏林會議佢就提出將兩笪地之間嘅內陸劃畀佢31Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡ94uv91yAnb
形成貫穿東西非連接大西洋同印度洋嘅走廊31Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡGT0s2uJ47m
葡萄牙嘅"粉紅地圖"
......31Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡTWq7fZKbbo
你個打靶仔吖想叉隻脚落嚟玩過三關!?31Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡn4bcIr2Gkh
英國即刻拍住枱嚟屌31Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡX17WICINfe
德國佬同法國佬就揞住個口嚟笑⋯⋯31Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡz8CgYEtF9l
「嗱葡萄牙你話你發現嗰度先所以係你嘅31Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡeyFNM8SlX9
唔係話唔撐你31Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡ1xU3OtEhud
睇住英國佬激到紮紮跳我地都好高興31Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡm9jyRJ0KaN
不過而家嗰個區域一個葡萄牙佬都冇31Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡRXbIQ0ljSx
以前同你簽落協議嗰啲土著勢力又一早收晒皮喇31Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡveN09a0eIz
我地都好難做㗎喎31Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡYi0VtvUxM1
咁啦而家個大原則係你要有人管理嗰度31Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡKhpTY8Byyw
或者同嗰度啲生番簽署返啲協議31Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡJrQ2081RZj
咁嗰度先歸你嘅31Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡ29OdMwNEVh
你自己嗱嗱臨去搞返啲探險隊31Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡob71BPg1Sl
重新簽過晒啲協議啦31Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡKhWWpjyPu4
呢個問題留返畀你同英國佬傾喇」31Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡTbrzFX1JBW
31Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡjUMVHWIphe
有時要贏唔一定要有實力31Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡ3pUMEKY4FA
可能識揀對手先係最緊要31Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡzLOLNZqPsJ
好地地有棋唔捉走去同個大隻佬玩過三關31Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡDybVx4shFP
就算畀你個計劃成功都唔會長久啦31Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡOfSq85kBfv
1890年1月11日英國無視柏林協議31Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡmursVFsupd
向盟國葡萄牙發出最後通牒31Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡ5UM5kjryBw
要葡萄牙從安哥拉同莫桑比克中間嘅內陸地區撤軍⋯⋯31Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡakAFs4RoZY
國恥呀，簡直係喪權辱國呀31Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡWMb696dm8p
葡萄牙嘅共和派趁機坐大31Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡ4qogUTqkAS
廿年過後仲革命成功踢走埋國王建立共和31Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡdSt7rCcA9B
一個風生水起一個就連個王朝都冇埋31Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡLrkX0xBa2j
比利時同葡萄牙王室之間高下立見
31Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡAQlMWNzB9n
31Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡqnfEd9Y6J2
...待續
ns3.144.89.53da2
