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喺講啲黑鬼點畀利奧波德二世斬手斬腳前85Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡesEYhoF6Rq
首先要講講佢地一路係過緊點嘅生活85Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡsmxyhI1H4e
其實佢地唔係一般人想像中咁原始㗎85Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡpisd1tUmZR
喺剛果河下游至河口一帶85Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡHVV7jzsUT8
因為河道較闊85Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡ2AZV7RDBUs
葡萄牙人都入到去探索85Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡvvvujLt1U5
當地嘅土人接觸得多西方文明85Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡfCbOzmxi5y
生活水平同知識相對於內陸係高啲嘅85Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡVkawo8hLs6
佢地會種啲粟米呀豆呀做主糧85Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡHViXYXq9zx
(係葡萄牙十六十七世紀時引入嘅)85Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡQQ4mNcXjbh
基本上已經唔係原始嘅漁獵社會85Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡOFVov5mlNE
佢地亦都會同內陸嘅部落85Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡOcvVBRKsDF
以物易物咁換啲象牙同橡膠出嚟賣畀葡萄牙人85Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡI2ZZyT2nBF
攞到錢就買啲西方產物85Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡQQdc6NLU8n
當年史丹利喺河口係簽唔到協議乜濟85Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡofEV6cbpp6
就係因為嗰度嘅人水平較高唔中計85Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡ6wccT2kk8n
所以剛果河下游自由邦係佔得好少地
(河嘅北岸已經係法屬剛果，南邊就係葡屬安哥拉)
至於中游嘅部落就相對原始好多喇85Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡWNKKiYYs1r
因為剛果河中段係由一系列嘅急流同瀑布組成85Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡIAm4xbCKXd
船係行唔到入去嘅85Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡhJZM4exuWn
交通非常唔方便85Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡMRb0ogWhNj
各個部落亦都分得好散85Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡM8pystpVH9
好多部落第一個見到嘅白人就係史丹利85Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡTfCXc3tj0T
所以先畀佢有機可乘85Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡz0J71lae3T
而呢啲部落主要都係捉吓魚呀，食吓猩猩呀咁維生85Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡ8Aw2LZJpI7
一般人眼中嘅非洲原始人就係呢啲喇
位於剛果河中游嘅博約馬瀑布85Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡUKvG2ZK0Sr
舊稱史丹利瀑布85Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡbZP9pmhdRR
故名思義就係阿史生首先發現㗎啦
上游近大湖區嘅部落多數都係畀阿拉伯人控制嘅85Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡ7qrJs6bAGm
不過啲阿拉伯人又唔係真係咁殘暴嘅85Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡPYP5yhtnNk
因為佢地主要係捉啲人攞去賣吓85Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡKCsevt6KLM
同要脅吓啲村民幫佢地搵象牙嘅啫85Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡuWRsl5Szvn
佢地要長做長有所以唔會搞到啲村民太慘85Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡhgdTVoA7tE
始終啲人身體唔好又點賣到好價錢呢?85Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡOzLpUfiIwG
大屠殺對佢地嘅生意冇好處85Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡJyhsnKo8L7
而啲村民多數都係捉魚為生85Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡvIGulFcbX9
(嗰系列嘅大湖係全非洲水產最豐富嘅地區)85Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡl9a3EDrAXO
而南邊嘅熱帶草原地帶就係最富庶嘅85Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡV8AGgJtr8K
嗰度嘅部落有種嘢嘅又有放牧嘅85Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡjh98ClSn9G
但係最賺錢嘅係採礦85Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡ9IWOhhiLop
剛果南部加丹加地區喺正非洲中部嘅大礦帶85Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡDaSYadXzR5
喺嗰度嘅部族領袖多數都係靠賣銅畀歐洲人致富85Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡAi1y5XPHqa
生番土王帝Msiri就係其中最強大嘅85Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡ8BYYIGreQh
剛果地形大概係由東部高地一路斜向西邊85Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡgbCcK6w9Ls
北面係雨林南邊就草原85Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡaliQUKEfmh
咁大個國家得西邊一個出海口仔85Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡe7AIm6tU53
(佢海岸線得卅七公里,香港嗰條都有七百幾公里啦)
如果利奧波德二世可以慢慢發展85Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡ7KNZXvcZvt
根據唔同地方嘅情況去計劃開發嘅方向嘅話85Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡpBTK0sA6xj
一塊資源咁豐富嘅地方係可以有好大嘅潛力85Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡ30UqFi5TZb
由農業採礦開始85Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡvp0FJoLn1y
再慢慢發展工業85Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡsjNOCh0D0p
有人力又有資源其實係最理想嘅85Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡMemraD42no
不過佢冇時間咁做85Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡmN5whLIn9l
而家呢一刻嘅利奧波德二世85Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡnbkBaoXFoO
可以話係揹到成身街數85Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡa3bqxLszLQ
佢唔不惜一切咁搵錢填氹嘅話85Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡO83AJ74HoP
唔好話發展呀85Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡbrMcK9EQga
連佢自己都會搞到債主臨門一身蟻85Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡ8bTnAqw4TR
咁點先可以最快速咁喺殖民地攞到錢呢?85Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡyAhL0bTWwT
剛果唔似南美印加帝國咁有咁多金畀西班牙佬去搶85Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡpAs6PffDK0
要喺度攞錢最快嘅方法就係變賣資源85Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡMP18n2Lj8a
剛果最值錢嘅就係南部嘅礦產同雨林入面嘅象牙同橡膠85Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡ7hQuwhbM8k
喺自由邦成立前啲土人係隨意去攞嘅85Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡK9mjufWgGH
再經自由貿易賣畀歐洲人85Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡyX29KA1PKp
利奧波德二世如果要變賣資源賺錢85Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡt8DyYcfNzQ
佢首先要壟斷呢啲資源嘅擁有權85Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡA5d05St8fe
但係本身喺自由邦入面做緊生意嘅歐洲商人一定會屌鬼85Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡA6peicLIy3
佢要用啲冇咁顯眼嘅方法去做
喺1889年佢頒布咗一個政令85Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡcsfYWryOAl
將剛果自由邦裡面冇人居住嘅土地劃為邦政府所有85Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡDO5VOvpH9P
因為成個剛果大部分都係冇人嘅雨林85Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡxkT9VvRBwT
咁即係差唔多八九成嘅土地都變咗係政府嘅85Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡ9Ty6YPfYQT
跟住喺1892年佢宣布所有喺政府土地收集到嘅嘢85Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡqik6WxfomD
都只可以賣畀政府或者指定嘅公司85Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡPE3zsKMSiE
各國企業家都可以競投十到十五年嘅專營權85Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡixnqGnLcAw
(當然到最後都係畀利奧波德二世有關嘅租界公司攞到啦)85Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡ5eC1qBnL6k
透過呢啲條例同方法85Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡhzh8cOSiCU
利奧波德二世就可以係冇明顯違反柏林協議85Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡYRAPzGOi60
有關各國自由貿易嘅條款下85Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡQCOiV0o8Jg
壟斷全個剛果自由邦嘅資源85Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡ45KBdnHfC7
咁邦政府同租界公司85Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡRfahC2V4hZ
就可以用佢地控制嘅價格85Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡci72wW6Dyh
去買入啲黑鬼收集到嘅資源喇
個價同係自由市場嘅分別好大85Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡLmrezQdmJf
之前啲黑鬼賣橡膠畀葡萄牙人85Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡtUTi7y6rWR
一公斤可以賣到3-4法郎85Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡlyVxKafWJP
而家租界公司最多只會出7毫子
另外佢又用啱啱打贏咗阿拉伯人所攞到嘅聲望85Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡYnzaZAQKV2
說服各國畀佢向自由邦嘅人收稅85Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡrNCCIFh6Tz
用嚟平衡返打仗嘅支出同起鐵路嘅支出85Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡbJ0j3PDNSb
(喺1892年自由邦政府開始起一條鐵路85Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡXF6PKgVBkW
繞過剛果河中游嘅瀑布區85Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡY9QH3Dn1qQ
全長三百幾公里)85Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡdHKuroInOM
啲稅收係以橡膠或者象牙嚟繳付85Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡySVmvs6s2N
好似人頭稅咁85Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡmHcgLDpUo0
每個成年男人都有一個配額85Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡBe2JSHtvrU
由租界公司收取85Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡITg0qs9vIc
FP做稅吏追稅85Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡKPKixEG9TN
...似曾相識85Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡIDnHpxfOhw
一切都好似返返去中世紀封建時代咁85Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡ3DGwvApAdn
無助嘅農奴畀殘暴嘅稅吏追稅⋯⋯85Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡzGwLfdtC9t
剛果人嘅悲劇而家可以開始喇
利奧波德二世實際上係將成個剛果自由邦85Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡrv00pYbY3j
分成九座巨大嘅勞動集中營85Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡeXv480PLfm
而喺呢九個租界裡面85Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡpyWftAFXXC
每一條村都有由租界公司設立嘅哨站85Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡbSr0CTJd7R
哨站嘅主管全部都係歐洲嚟嘅85Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡHFXAaXascm
以惡名昭彰嘅A.B.I.R.為例85Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡ9YE0Br4GZL
(Anglo-Belgian India Rubber Company，85Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡ6gjUOqymak
利奧波德二世以代理人嘅方式85Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡgTFluEAUY0
同英國一個陸軍上校合資喺1892年成立嘅)85Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡLoo1kJaupA
佢會以三年合約85Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡfsaEynonjk
每年千八到二千法郎咁請啲人過去做嘅85Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡUGSSEqDbXB
呢個人工其實唔係咁高85Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡaO0xvaSG9L
大概相等於同時期歐洲一個普通工人嘅年薪85Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡR2yuptEG2L
嗰度又山旮旯又多蛇蟲鼠蟻仲有食人族85Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡR9WBTRsx0z
正常嚟講應該係睬佢都有味85Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡCzN6w7H2yB
不過如果啲主管跑過咗target話就唔同咁講喇85Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡujbrHOkkff
(通常個target係佢管轄區內85Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡiuaIb2PNHj
每個成年男丁每個月提供8到10公斤乾橡膠)85Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡAdU44Sm999
因為橡膠總值嘅2%85Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡHAir8wMSEe
會作為佣金派發畀主管嘅85Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡyXimiXtorf
個佣可以去到萬七法朗一年85Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡmDPEDRQTrl
加埋佢份底薪嘅話有成萬九法郎85Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡHHCCphQQuL
相等於而家63萬港紙左右85Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡZMsinypS7z
呢個人工對當時嘅歐洲人嚟講係非常吸引85Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡjOi36qHan0
(去Working Holiday三年85Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡFltLyIE0nT
之後返番鄉下就可以生活無憂䟴䟴腳，爽 )85Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡEIl8tnBOuh
但係如果唔到target嘅話85Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡKUYnH2XFv9
就要喺份糧到嘔番個差額出嚟85Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡ48j2tL2Aya
所以喺呢個跑數制度之下85Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡYBI7rUAork
啲主管係會毫無人性咁捽數85Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡ5fgUYRAfHz
務求喺三年內賺夠走人85Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡnJmS5V5SZw
而幫佢地去實行捽數計劃嘅就係FP85Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡglMZEfC5XQ
最初FP係利奧波德二世喺比利時請過嚟嘅士官做管理85Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡIY4xrwbG5e
再加上由桑吉巴請番嚟嘅僱傭兵所組成嘅85Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡAd96tJ2kTX
後來FP喺剛果-阿拉伯戰爭爆發期間迅速膨脹85Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡDOKGVyMDuq
因為唔夠人佢開始強行徵召戰區內嘅黑鬼入伍85Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡ2oYLNDabwy
到戰爭完結時85Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡO82gN5H1eh
FP嘅主力差唔多全部都係剛果人85Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡJl1CZOInK2
但係點解啲黑鬼會咁樣殘害自己同胞嘅?
其實所謂嘅“剛果人”85Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡ43Bi3tIIEn
喺自由邦成立前根本係唔存在嘅85Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡ5YYt8hXQck
剛果盆地本身有二百幾個部族85Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡIT7e8jW3ka
喺歐洲人未嚟到之前85Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡcKL2amLN0O
佢地已經為咗爭奪資源而打生打死85Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡJPLn3o9qyn
呢啲鬥爭係唔會因為柏林會議強加上去嘅國界而平息85Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡotVoH8vpsy
佢地從來都唔係一個統一嘅民族85Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡpCX2zm9m4X
所以都講唔上係自相殘殺85Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡtsoE4dpA3c
另外FP主要係徵召剛果東北部85Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡPNHoEl9SKD
以剽悍見稱嘅食人部落85Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡGDEU1pQdM1
佢地不嬲都以侵略其他部落為生85Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡXleSN7xhcm
而家邦政府出埋糧畀埋槍85Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡDrzjGvOa8P
佢地開心都嚟唔切啦85Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡs3w6qTITLl
加上如果佢地負責嘅嗰條村唔到target嘅話85Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡOmJwZiHhyD
佢地除咗會被扣一半糧之外85Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡBzrW40GmTy
仲要畀人虐打甚至收監85Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡggLthBD1qF
(監獄平均每日死三到十個人左右85Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡr1aPkaFQiB
所以入得去坐都唔使旨意有命出番嚟)85Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡ2Ikjbssi7n
正所謂人不為己天誅地滅85Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡGVh0AFtJMi
畀著係你會點揀?
呢條叫Chicotte，葡文解做鞭85Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡCpVP9XtElI
呢啲犀牛皮做嘅鞭通常係攞嚟教訓啲搵唔夠橡膠嘅人85Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡco8QFKjGLe
一個成年男人大概可以受卅鞭左右啦85Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡndgCP6DnkR
再多就升仙㗎喇
呢個男人望住嘅係佢個五歲嘅女嘅手同腳85Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡTWwB7LqEi9
至於其他部分同阿媽呢85Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡopEj3OeOnn
就畀FP嘅僱傭兵食咗85Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡX72zEe9X3y
呢幅相揭露咗二十世紀初一場最大嘅人道醜聞
同啲阿拉伯奴隸主一樣85Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡQ5vLLDVPtN
FP最常用嘅招數85Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡ9hWRlZdUxW
都係綁架啲男丁嘅老婆仔女屋企人85Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡEppMxRr7As
去逼佢地採集橡膠85Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡnx59K09IiI
面對咁嘅壓迫85Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡhiasFHwYsU
啲村民當然不滿啦85Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡBV1kUwj7DX
尤其係喺自由邦西部近河口嘅部落85Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡfpoGnrrUl4
呢啲稅項同壟斷令到佢地做開嘅生意完全停止85Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡNsa2rAFw8q
佢地有啲選擇咗反抗85Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡQslzfHd7pv
不過因為實力差距太大85Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡXTo6LPHUod
好多時呢啲叛亂都係滅族收場嘅85Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡxM74zcRS4W
所以大部分自由邦西部嘅部落85Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡ0sFtaRogWu
都選擇向南面嘅葡屬安哥拉同北面嘅法屬剛果遷徙85Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡjv0c5uiWMq
以致當英國係1903年派人嚟調查自由邦內嘅情況時85Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡ7i0GsKoCZc
個調查員形容剛果河口地區嘅情況係85Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡhsfXlXUWJ2
「自由邦境內人影都冇，但河嘅兩岸就人煙稠密」85Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡ2J9alTi8La
不過呢到冇乜橡膠資源85Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡtq6bVhTkA9
所以邦政府對啲人出走都唔係好緊張85Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡ6Sg8bFmKK4
至於內陸地區嘅部落就冇咁好彩走到喇85Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡeBy0BCge1F
邦政府同租界公司對每條村都有嚴密嘅監控85Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡwjAFr6BDK4
主要對外通道全部都有人把守85Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡ0rzUl4Rtis
想逃避唯一辦法就係匿埋喺叢林度85Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡAmw2yjBUeH
然後等死(其實都有唔少人咁做...)85Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡDQCR0VWP3e
85Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡQa3YLFddtf
而喺啲據點主管瘋狂捽數下85Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡFxcLzqiVwn
啲村民差唔多所有時間85Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡ6R8iysy5SD
都係用晒嚟做收集橡膠有關嘅工作85Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡZ5xERgxEGV
而近乎完全冇回報85Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡdPMhFbRpN2
一般一個成年男丁需要採集廿幾日85Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡ7DBW3tKGcg
先夠交嗰個月嘅橡膠稅85Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡv4M7YKbvtS
有剩嘅先可以以賤價賣畀租界公司85Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡjI1ZUItWMb
去換食物畀屋企人85Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡtROcJp5TWS
同時佢地亦都冇時間去打獵種田85Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡObrakbjURU
一切正常嘅經濟民生活動被迫停止85Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡZyGhuQQQ7o
所以飢荒係非常普遍85Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡ8dK9pDchEU
但係相對於交唔足稅嘅懲罰85Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡ5Oqe23OYuh
可以一家人一齊捱餓85Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡlbrmXS0AVO
對佢地嚟講已經係最好嘅情況嚟㗎喇85Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡXqeiGHOIlo
因為非洲橡膠嘅特點85Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡdGIGRzH7Qs
令採集嘅效率愈嚟愈低85Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡb7afkJwnBq
要到數係件非常困難嘅事
啲橡膠乳液平均一半係水份，個稅係計曬乾咗嘅重量，所以冇得加水出術
喺呢度要講少少關於橡膠嘅嘢先85Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡeq3T3dnPE2
自從1893年發明咗充氣車胎之後85Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡAX1ACRnjQN
橡膠嘅需求直線上升85Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡIy7QI8hgIH
但係供應個速度一時之間追唔上85Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡsnxEkILSE0
供不應求下個價由1894年六個幾一公斤85Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡxIjCwBlbfz
飆升到1898年嘅10法郎85Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡ9cymKtEoC1
租界公司當然就會不斷咁提高橡膠稅額啦85Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡCe6clziHwP
但係非洲橡膠乳液嘅採集方法85Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡEgy5kEPkjf
係冇可能滿足到不停增長嘅需求85Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡty3Kc0jN3X
85Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡzTKK1vY1Bu
橡膠主要分兩種:橡膠樹同橡膠攀藤85Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡwQ69qVm3tm
原產地係南美巴西嘅橡膠樹85Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡlMVuGOhFnS
只需要割開主要軀幹嘅樹皮85Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡR4f9qjjZKU
因為地心吸力85Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡdCuxWJ5JAx
啲乳液就會自然流出嚟85Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡv2dePYz1Y2
啲工人割完擺低個桶裝住佢85Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡauf1HJ3Q7r
第二日去收番啲桶就搞掂85Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡqPAeT3gMpW
基本上好似開水喉咁長開長有85Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡ3pMQ8Rlly6
不過呢一種樹非洲係冇嘅85Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡuTmLWElHfK
現時主流嘅收集乳液方法
巴西政府極力維護呢種橡膠樹嘅壟斷85Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡuDyQ1EvH70
但係喺1876年85Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡVAFS3JlNcd
呢個英國佬偷咗七萬幾粒種子畀英國政府85Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡ9Pz6JjbyEq
跟住攞去馬來亞半島度種85Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡGlnFTlJ6E6
所以而家天然橡膠最主要嘅產區係馬來西亞而唔係巴西
而剛果盆地嘅橡膠85Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡUUgzdxAoIn
主要來自一種攀藤85Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡSQYsxYqSJT
喺雨林呢類攀藤會一路沿住啲大樹幹生上去85Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡWdv50zCut5
通常會生到三十米以上85Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡAaHmc92ajg
即係大概十幾層樓高85Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡfztU1S3ApW
另外佢會喺樹與樹之間縱橫交錯85Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡAFav6g8vo2
從而冇明顯嘅軀幹85Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡTOci3LC5VI
如果用南美橡膠樹嗰種方法去收集乳液嘅話85Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡxGVJsGYXNC
因為冇主要軀幹85Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡB6rWbvxUJ6
啲乳液唔夠集中85Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡJGmtCCn9Y5
喺啲支幹度收集嘅話個份量會太少85Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡxbKbT5rjjF
收集速度太慢根本唔可行較為有效率嘅方法85Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡDnVEw6wMe5
就係爬上樹頂85Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡ275X7OCAGH
成棵逐忽逐忽斬落嚟85Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡVtEJUXUds6
然後再逐少逐少咁壓榨啲樹皮85Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡU6H73ROmxM
咁樣做除咗好易變空中飛人外85Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡQArZf7x408
仲非常晒時間85Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡs6fFcDC7is
一日最多榨到兩至三棵85Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡGjL6RUiGzx
一棵榨乾榨淨可能得半桶乳液85Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡJe65K1JQHi
經烘乾後仲要再少一半重量85Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡyBYynPIHIz
85Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡJuTXv148Ro
最大鑊係咁樣搞一搞棵嘢就會玩完85Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡpoHXmlUr7Z
即係雨林入面嘅橡膠源買少見少85Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡCZbcCKdMF9
當村附近嘅橡膠源枯竭晒後85Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡmSnsSXLPkK
啲村民就要愈嚟愈深入雨林入面85Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡrw0NUNxFMe
去搵愈嚟愈稀缺嘅橡膠攀藤85Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡSpOmpukNuS
一來一回嘅運輸時間長咗85Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡNS4TgxKPVi
令效率進一步降低85Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡMmKS2buzXe
以致到咗1890年代中期85Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡfmnm3obgOP
一個成年男丁85Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡWfwFDPqqkx
已經冇可能完成佢嘅配額喇
等佢滴完一桶你啲屋企人好可能命仔都冇埋喇喎85Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡhWhA12TGSz
你會點揀?
當然啲黑鬼有困難就係佢地嘅問題嚟啫85Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡUU1Ni3Nf8j
喺啲主管眼中最擔心嘅係佢自己到唔到數85Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡcpZGmSyCKG
除咗逼啲黑鬼冇飯開都要搵橡膠之外85Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡudvgpDVrfO
佢地仲會不斷派人探索叢林深處85Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡ4eyEU8NMoD
搵啲未被發現嘅原始部落再設立據點85Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡnlf1BS5y2n
透過呢啲破壞性嘅開採方法85Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡCnpHx3m2X4
加上不斷發掘新嘅剝削對象85Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡScIKXSBSst
令一眾租界公司業務蒸蒸日上85Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡF4xVliLZTW
以A.B.I.R.為例85Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡAoOamIHCE0
1892-94兩年總共先賺咗13萬法郎85Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡeaq64tSz1v
到1900年一年已經賺差唔多250萬喇85Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡoXSQErXjKM
換番做而家嘅港紙大概係8200萬左右85Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡhYeBIMU0Sq
呢個仲只係一間公司一年嘅利潤咋喎85Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡKGmnmhsWpx
成個自由邦總共有九間租界公司85Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡh8mZFO74Md
可想而知嗰個時期成個剛果為利奧波德二世賺咗幾多錢85Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡ9YG0oc2R9J
85Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡFokek7JC1S
喺呢段時間利奧波德二世利用呢啲錢去還債85Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡNzFmzVwwtl
同回購租界公司嘅股份85Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡhiIWPkUvLV
令剛果自由邦逐漸成為佢真正嘅私人財產85Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡfWrWU77n1c
與此同時佢喺比利時大肆建造極其華美嘅建築85Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡsOHokOUb4Q
又大力扶持國家嘅工業同轉口生意85Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡF5MBoCt65H
比利時因此國泰民安85Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡj5nAdnj0gA
一躍成西歐其中一個最工業化，最富裕嘅國家85Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡsC1itCJsnL
至於地球另一邊嗰個黑暗角落發生嘅事85Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡyRfvj6FlEA
當時嘅人係唔知亦都唔會理嘅85Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡWeapFVygoU
佢地只係知道仁慈嘅國王為佢地帶嚟幸福85Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡFU87xFOpQB
不過呢種發展模式差唔多去到盡頭喇
85Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡ5WBmY93ZZm
85Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡYipZgpNo4J
85Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡ4isatrSsCp
...待續
85Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡksvTE5DMgN
