x
好喇而家就講埋俾斯麥點解要開切餅大會124Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡbKrQTYJ4IP
正如上面所講124Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡTmTltCGxM9
德國統一初期佢對海外擴張都係相當抗拒124Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡDfPzu9MqXZ
原因之一係繼承自普魯士嘅帝國海軍124Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡAnSso2tIF9
規模實在太細124Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡqVCzYrtgRf
根本支撐唔到龐大嘅殖民地發展124Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡe2ELyOGBlo
就咁其實德國唔係冇能力發展遠洋艦隊124Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡZj2EESS6nt
相反德國船廠嘅技術喺當時係首屈一指124Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡwa1UO980s1
號稱遠東最強戰艦嘅定遠號同鎮遠號124Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡ3ct0pZmEtr
就係由普魯士嘅船廠製造㗎喇124Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡyrJiVW0ab1
個海軍咁鵪鶉嘅原因124Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡW3de7djRi5
純粹係國策使然啫
定遠號同鎮遠號喺德國港口付運時情況
俾斯麥刻意壓抑海軍發展124Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡEGjQbvDAoZ
原因係避免同其他列強直接競爭124Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡIVVXxQOddM
例如喺1867年尾124Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡcF0lLGsyjR
北德意志邦聯海軍司令繞過俾斯麥124Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡaVef6EZixz
直接同中美洲哥斯達黎加協議設立軍港124Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡ4sgW5rES2p
當俾斯麥知道時即時叫停124Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡmNdqZJJXyC
原因就係因為佢驚得罪美國124Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡPIK9zRmgeK
(門羅主義下嘅美國對歐洲國家介入美洲事務相當反感)124Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡcKPuBP2tGV
對一個距離咁遠嘅強國都咁忌憚124Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡwTTdo5CyoN
何況英國、法國呢啲傳統海軍強國124Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡtzKk3gaPf3
以德國個地理位置124Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡuNLpIVts8x
發展遠洋艦隊124Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡQYwZQkoEdJ
根本係浪費寶貴嘅國家資源124Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡ0KgvzeqZCM
冇強大嘅海軍124Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡ43r1J81OgC
殖民主義又從何談起呢?
以一個明瞭發展強大海軍弊端嘅歷史偉人124Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡSXmjr1YZbw
嚟命名一艘帝國最強大嘅戰艦124Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡFY6tHrDWY7
總係有種開緊歷史玩笑嘅味道⋯⋯
不過官方嘅立場並唔影響民間對海外擴張嘅嚮往124Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡro2oQFR8fu
喺1860年代中期開始124Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡhDgPqvuHQ0
尤其係探索剛果盆地成功後124Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡpDIcwLxDc4
各國包括德國嘅民間都充斥住對探險嘅熱情124Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡsZ99tVezmk
形形色色嘅企業同地理學會都紛紛組團124Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡeQ6WtYAFMG
諗住入去分一杯羹124Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡ7niuXCKMR3
傳統殖民強國好似英法兩國124Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡQt3aOOtGXU
同埋某個博晒老命搵殖民地嘅豆腐膶低地國124Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡU3CYWzFslq
因為有國家機器加持124Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡDdNIx12peG
啲探險隊當然就如魚得水啦124Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡG6YHz9Hyep
但係德國嗰啲就陰公喇124Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡC7hceZLSvy
喺1868年俾斯麥寫畀佢老友戰爭部長羅恩伯爵嘅信中124Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡ4NDG8j9LZs
佢表明唔會用納稅人嘅錢支持呢啲同國策相違背嘅私人企業活動124Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡPTKPWrHblS
就係咁啲企業就算探到險簽到合作協議都好124Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡ9OCvQGTBSZ
到最後返到德國都會畀俾斯麥拒之門外白忙一場124Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡGM9xDAaYiz
攞唔到國家資助自然就發展唔到啦124Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡwmPApKDQHf
不過情況好快就會有改變⋯⋯
1878年柏林會議後124Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡOOvAszPIDd
巴爾幹局勢暫時穩定落嚟124Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡyxwTFXOEzO
而德奧意三國同盟124Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡmyvc09tlsv
以及三帝同盟續期124Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡpFqknAwQid
為嗰個時代嘅歐洲確立咗一個和平嘅基礎124Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡFXlCok9Xts
至少係表面上啦124Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡiPKdLjb3rU
俾斯麥終於保得住德國個後欄124Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡjkqlESaBYA
可以專心應付嚟自法國嘅敵意喇124Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡ7Pk8PQQ3xW
另一方面124Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡTqhLwjtgx2
英法喺會上嘅枱底交易124Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡB3p4W6RM7Q
似乎都預視咗嚟緊嘅外交角力焦點124Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡpNLsvbxRgZ
將會由歐陸轉移到各殖民地事務上124Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡpeDW94qDP7
同巴爾幹動輒牽扯上幾百年嘅國仇家恨唔同124Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡrPOGuicLTR
呢啲殖民地爭議124Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡGjyrwR8yYP
本質上純粹係基於經濟利益嘅啫124Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡylS3WAjK0N
德國要參與其中124Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡWmNzEnzhMg
從而繼續喺外交上孤立法國同分散佢對歐陸嘅注意力嘅話124Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡP3eJZxoHom
就唔可以好似今次咁只係做個Honest Broker就夠124Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡQsc1Zq0ALW
佢一定要有啲籌碼喺手124Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡEmNTJC21ZN
先可以埋枱玩124Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡXvZwtAb9cv
咁代表俾斯麥要做樣佢唔係好想做嘅嘢──海外擴張124Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡ18cTsa8Wmj
喺1880年尾開始124Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡ8JJbwu4IVy
之前食飽閉門羹嘅企業同機構124Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡfWF8jJqvUg
陸續獲得俾斯麥接見124Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡzGsXkVdt49
並且陸續獲批殖民地嘅特許狀124Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡUE7s9EOyid
1884年4月-德屬西南非洲（納米比亞）；7月-西非嘅多哥蘭同喀麥隆；124Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡUYrV9U4cMb
1885年2月-德屬東非（坦桑尼亞）；4月-肯雅124Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡoFidXklgwl
加埋幾個喺南太平洋嘅群島仔124Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡILBObcFrjj
於是德國喺一年間124Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡB9HDxsPVYo
就由冇到有咁建立起僅次於英法兩國、全球第三大嘅殖民帝國喇
德國喺非洲嘅殖民地
俾斯麥為日爾曼尼亞着起名為殖民主義嘅新裝
睇落好似好威威咁124Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡyvoLjWUyhM
不過呢啲殖民地其實都係掛個名係德國旗下嘅啫124Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡ4fEdiCAskR
因為俾斯麥根本唔想使太多錢喺呢度124Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡTPQXeyf7tU
呢一紙特許狀純粹係畀呢啲殖民地公司專營權124Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡNzXBWBEc8b
同喺“必要”時提供軍事援助啫124Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡScVuxiob5Q
咩探索呀開發呀治安呀嗰啲麻煩就閣下自理喇124Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡa5tOlJhKWP
呢個由私人公司主導嘅殖民模式係註定失敗嘅124Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡwoOrcCeHHI
皆因冇國家機器直接統籌嘅話124Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡwTEhA4Q4g9
民間機構係冇可能處理到殖民地入面嘅諸多事務124Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡdVBhb77KfX
強如英國東印度公司呢間有國家支援嘅百年老店124Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡM8uOLFMTHm
最後都要衰喺一場全國暴動上124Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡjv2Gy34a9W
要政府接管執手尾
由牛油同豬油引發嘅1857年印度兵變
咁你會問明知死路一條點解俾斯麥都仲要行嘅124Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡuuu6Bp0ZeX
首先要搞清楚死嘅唔係俾斯麥唔係德國124Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡ20A4vRttpB
而係啲私人企業124Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡFLKgJuXolW
畢竟呢啲殖民地開發不嬲都係高風險㗎啦124Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡWAA4kVqoQu
佢地死冇人會覺得出奇124Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡPdaGMbjHHL
更重要嘅係俾斯麥本身就唔想發得太大124Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡbl39Al5Ask
佢要嘅效果124Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡL8AZsnq7Gh
就係用最低成本124Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡxiuwp1xOjZ
令德國喺短時間內124Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡ61S90nhnlR
獲取足夠多嘅殖民地124Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡKzShjH0nlw
等佢可以喺嚟緊英法之間嘅殖民地爭議中善價而沽124Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡlOHSX0v7fl
德國作為老三要做嘅124Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡJFT4I4mSH4
就係平衡阿大同老二嘅勢力124Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡLdSun1LCC6
等佢地喺下面慢慢耗124Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡNlDnd0va5R
自己喺歐陸先會安穩124Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡr6VczvXcu1
呢樣就係俾斯麥點解喺1880年代無啦啦搞殖民主義最底層嘅原因喇
好喇籌碼就喺手喇124Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡ4FhJo833AW
而家就爭咁張賭枱124Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡlYoKK2f7Wp
俾斯麥需要一個好似上次柏林會議咁嘅外交場合124Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡGq9wmrbxaq
等佢可以遊走於英法嘅殖民地鬥爭之中124Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡktsqcEgbfy
咁啱法國同比利時喺剛果河流域歸屬問題上嘅爭議124Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡeDaQp4TcEb
有越演越烈嘅趨勢124Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡySEo9s0kcE
而本來已經衰落到冇人理嘅葡萄牙124Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡBVDxjBGpsj
又突然喺櫳底摷咗份鹹鹹臭臭嘅條約出嚟124Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡz3PHNVKf5D
話早喺15世紀已經同當地嘅剛果王國簽訂協議124Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡAnwOA2qjrn
可以自由使用剛果河口南岸嘅一大片土地124Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡXgbaw1sgCm
（即現今安哥拉，詳情請參閱第二集）124Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡxzC31nBRYL
要佢大佬英國撑佢維護當地嘅領土完整124Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡemwKLUjk94
忽然間剛果河就成為四國爭拗嘅熱點124Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡuDZSQdfRY2
俾斯麥心諗喂掂呀屌你124Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡYbFDL6V8gu
於是建議大家過嚟柏林開個會斟斟124Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡT1dNEqVavG
各國見上次柏林會議搞得幾靚仔吓124Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡ0AyxiX5ntC
都紛紛嚮應124Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡ0WKDEr5bSO
最終1884年11月15號喺俾斯麥嘅官邸124Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡcXOTcTY0QH
齊集除咗瑞士同啲鹹豆咁細嘅鼻屎國外全部歐洲國家124Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡNAORDANgfW
再加上美國同鄂圖曼總共14個國家同組織124Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡRfCfFJFvTI
（比利時係以國際剛果協會而唔係國家名義參加）124Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡi060G5quZw
參與呢個惡名昭彰、後世駡不絕口嘅柏林剛果會議喇
其實呢個會喺外交上唔算好高級別124Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡhpxkRH4FbM
嗰時冇飛機124Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡKslNg1PsyE
要一國首腦掉低本國事務山長水遠去一個地方開個會124Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡTu8Ht4T7Ok
必定係關乎到國運嘅大事124Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡ6lXBnIyerj
好似上次柏林會議124Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡUdAB4f9EHJ
與會嘅全部唔係外長就係首相本人124Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡb8sahhsRnu
相反今次嚟開會嘅124Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡpue5IiqknT
都係各國駐柏林大使124Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡwfTTnBKNzn
亦因為咁佢地係做唔到重大決定嘅124Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡm7EW40KeLz
每當要決定某啲事務時124Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡ8AjxRAiKkR
啲大使都要聯絡本國外長甚至元首124Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡdLzNd0Lvcp
所以個會都拖到幾長吓124Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡJAHhy9W9C6
計埋聖誕同新年放咗幾日假124Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡkbdNytcKfM
總共開咗104日124Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡHtkD95yGXC
到第二年嘅2月26號先完結124Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡDn3yUMZ8K2
（對比1878年嗰次就啱啱好開咗一個月）124Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡoDgISrlgwy
咁從側面反映124Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡbA8uoh2k17
喺嗰時對各國嚟講124Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡKpAQeQ63jx
殖民地政策所佔嘅比重其實唔算好大124Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡfU1xeqOkA0
不過好快就會有改變
呢個會主要解決嘅問題有：124Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡyf7GB1LOWC
1)剛果盆地歸屬124Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡM3GiHV3m3C
2)兩大水系（尼日河同剛果河）航權124Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡkuKqPKbHIR
3)何謂“有效佔據”124Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡymtv1Ckn1q
關於第一個問題124Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡ1FRZ7WMj7r
喺我對上一篇《由比利時嘅斷掌朱古力講起》都有約略講過吓124Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡfoJJOH5InN
我就唔係呢度重覆喇124Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡp0lij1Yd4C
簡單重溫吓124Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡUiZfzb44gi
當時各國已經知道124Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡnWqgCGATNh
利奧波德二世呢個掛住人道主義者面具嘅豺狼124Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡFlcFRP2AKD
背後嘅陰謀㗎喇124Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡIspXfiaRl9
不過基於勢力平衡關係124Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡ2HPAgaevPV
畀中立國比利時控制中非呢一大片土地124Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡxf6lqPzwq0
對各國都有好處124Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡ8XxuywAvMq
而法國喺剛果河北岸呢一輪大動作124Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡLZDRh1Xp4t
目的都只係警示利奧波德二世唔好諗住踩過界啫124Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡ3CExBC9V5o
並唔係真係想爭晒成個剛果124Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡbztvGnWREk
所以與會各國一致贊成由國際剛果協會管理剛果河南岸124Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡX21n2ca0Fb
而北岸就歸法國所有124Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡsXgJHYMimd
就係咁124Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡskzHTuM17u
剛果自由邦成為咗利奧波德二世苦心經營下嘅外交奇蹟喇
剛果自由邦北面疆界基本上就係剛果河
OK搞掂一樣會議繼續⋯⋯124Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡ5ScnB8FvLL
…咪住主席有樣嘢要搞清楚先124Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡNXTFen8g6X
剛果盆地歸國際剛果協會我冇異議124Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡQgO9r5sGNq
不過剛果河口個主權就唔同咁講喇124Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡo1SxkR0SaV
嗱呢份係我國喺1491年同剛果國王約翰一世所簽訂嘅合作協議124Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡ5l9gxJLCpG
訂明我國可以自由使用整個剛果河口⋯⋯124Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡuwvjWqLiRA
等等葡萄牙代表你收番張梅菜坐番低先124Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡS6fppMHvUy
唔使咁心急住124Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡvKuVyiT0Vz
你呢個提案將會同你另一個提案一併處理㗎喇124Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡObBbiQMAJ0
咳唔⋯⋯咁會議就進入第二個議題124Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡInnmcoD7Jd
撒哈拉以南兩大河流──西非嘅尼日河同中非嘅剛果河124Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡwBzcxgmLuS
一直都係通往非洲內陸最重要嘅航道124Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡyFARfYjmOF
關於呢兩大水系嘅通航問題124Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡRMEPVwRx0V
其實就相對簡單124Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡeorL5q2rXK
因為成個會打正旗號係用自由貿易開化啲黑鬼達至遏止奴隸貿易124Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡtv1bhklWZJ
所以航行自由係必須嘅124Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡPXyPDdZ1sX
尼日河口位於英國佔據嘅尼日三角洲保護地124Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡoNe3G7wjmU
理所當然進入尼日河所需嘅物流保安等等嘅需求同收益124Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡrKkUdEvOUY
自然就由英國所負責同享用啦
尼日河同佢廣闊流域內嘅盆地
至於剛果河呢⋯⋯124Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡD3z6OoYd1x
得得得你坐番低先124Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡCdb33mOK0O
而家就處理今個會第三個要解決嘅問題──何謂有效佔據124Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡKi7uSow4N8
順便講埋葡萄牙嘅議題124Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡCiFGfeIqmt
本來列強殖民非洲個玩法124Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡ5MuH8ULEHD
一路都係佔據非洲沿岸各個河口海灣後124Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡPN1rKgrPYO
再同當地土著簽吓合作協議、起吓貿易站仔124Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡiKW9mDrMWD
嗰度就歸佢124Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡ7gAlB7Uxf4
不過畀啲先入局嘅咁樣咁低成本霸晒啲地124Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡ3TcHQPFp81
對後來者其實相當唔公平124Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡrUNOQ760aG
俾斯麥建議殖民者需要同當地部落簽署協議之餘124Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡcbox52A3BV
並顯示對當地有實質控制124Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡi0ygHcFSqu
好似有發展基建或者駐紮軍隊維持治安等等124Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡFidCD48n1s
嗰度先算係佢轄下嘅保護國124Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡXUXBoF1MPh
咁樣嘅話英法兩國嘅殖民地開支必定會大增124Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡM0xWURA9bv
正常嚟講佢地係會反對嘅124Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡ5NyjpqLOaJ
不過俾斯麥之所以要全歐洲甚至連殖民地都冇嘅國家都叫埋嚟開會124Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡ7wjPYMEjHE
目的就係要用呢堆小國嚟牽制英法呢兩個老牌殖民大國124Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡYmn9jDXHoN
而英國個豬隊友葡萄牙嘅立場124Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡG60ohY74zh
就直程令俾斯麥如虎添翼啦
喺今次個會上124Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡQQ9dEBNcHc
葡萄牙其實係相當進取嘅124Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡbvpNQW2Hyn
除咗說服英國支持佢爭剛果河口外124Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡZt0vZKMk0r
仲喺會議上提出以先發現原則劃地124Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡvHIFtUYYTu
並提議將東非莫桑比克同西非安哥拉之間一大片土地124Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡSmiGdGXjqC
都劃晒畀佢124Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡYgzwfrqSf7
形成貫穿非洲中南部嘅走廊124Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡ21OINfbgtS
即係所謂嘅“粉紅地圖”
…嗱阿葡萄牙代表124Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡtN6YYkWpNY
而家個遊戲玩法同你地個腦停留嗰個年代唔同晒㗎喇124Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡbDK1fuKpVA
照你個講法如果邊個發現先就歸邊個嘅話124Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡv9C5hdDqgc
咁成個非洲都係你㗎啦124Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡ0O7SOSWMXF
大家可以收工返歸啦嘛係咪?124Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡjQhmmwC4wL
唔係㗎嘛124Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡQ4Nk5yYF4S
而家個原則就係邊個證明到對一笪地方有實質控制124Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡEpn1cV5K4I
邊個先有資格去佔據嗰度124Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡ9kcMfL1GVm
以剛果河口為例124Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡlLIEfYGz0V
國際剛果協會已經證明咗佢對嗰度有實質控制124Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡlesxPhddBT
而你就只係得份連簽署國都滅亡咗嘅歷史文件124Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡ70xdGzNnQj
咁樣我地好難做㗎喎124Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡFPPZaoYRJp
我建議剛果河口北岸歸國際剛果協會124Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡoFyJKFGhVu
南岸就歸葡屬安哥拉124Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡLlxAPi9CDU
大家有冇異議?
本來英國早喺2月已經同葡萄牙簽署協議124Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡZT5UFQuxJF
支持佢爭取剛果河口124Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡ3mHER3Qy7Y
不過當呢份“粉紅地圖”一擺上枱面124Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡotk2LZcyvG
英國佬即刻嬲到紅都面晒124Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡ5VU6ctVbsN
事關如果畀葡萄牙建立到呢條中南非走廊嘅話124Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡt3ZMZgeQy6
佢嗰個籌備中嘅“縱斷非洲”計劃就會斷纜124Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡdoNmaBU9W2
呢樣嘢係絕對唔可以發生
英國嘅“縱斷非洲”同法國嘅“橫斷非洲”124Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡXWRbGZw1oB
是為非洲版過三關124Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡ04Krdq4Cky
詳情請參閱我對上一篇廢文
英國即時陷於兩難124Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡIP0IuSPsYB
如果支持葡萄牙個先發現原則攞剛果河口嘅話124Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡmCfp5oxYht
佢就要同時承認“粉紅地圖”124Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡkisXS9KTdN
如果要保住佢盤過三關嘅話124Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡ0L8NDCeb9t
佢就要接受俾斯麥嘅詭計兼背棄盟友124Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡOLrJlrHCha
兩害取其輕下英國佬決定叫葡萄牙吔自己124Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡXDila63Nxk
轉向支持國際剛果協會124Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡoDNaSwthAa
利奧波德二世得到彌足珍貴嘅出海口124Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡv5yo6tZ1FP
獲得完全嘅外交勝利124Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡEDFSUINPkR
而俾斯麥為英法兩國所搭建嘅呢個非洲鬥獸場亦就此完成喇
因為柏林會議嘅分割124Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡ3RG2xYl0Tz
剛果河北岸安哥拉嘅領土124Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡUrGkSZS4hw
自始成為一塊飛地124Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡHnuSJulrDg往後章節都會提及吓非洲呢啲奇奇怪怪嘅劃界
跟住落嚟嘅會議就係與會各國之間嘅雙邊或者三邊談判124Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡLnPg3EOx2X
基本上都係喺非洲有殖民地嗰啲國家就領土劃分上互相博弈124Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡIHJhQMNci3
例如德國讓出東非桑吉巴蘇丹國嘅主導權畀英國嚟換取北海一個小島啦124Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡNstIpv5IXP
或者法國同意意大利佔領利比亞同非洲之角嘅厄立特里亞124Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡNh8sHytRjF
以尋求意大利承認法國喺突尼西亞嘅主權啦124Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡ36397OpJRS
又或者英國用北尼日利亞同法國交換紐芬蘭嘅捕魚權等等124Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡKfb3p2gcAR
可能各位小朋友都對呢堆遙遠嘅名字感到陌生124Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡheHiD4dK8z
冇錯124Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡ2Hp5GPOLun
唔只你地124Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡlexm9O9bN2
連當時啲遠在歐洲嘅王公貴冑都唔知嗰度有啲乜124Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡJH5qsgmSBT
正如時任英國首相嘅梳士巴利爵士所言124Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡwjhLfhgbIi
「我地交換到嘅呢啲山脈、湖泊同土地，實際上係連我地都唔知喺邊」124Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡXbU00pmkut
事實上整個非洲就畀列強當成無主之地124Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡ5Quhe7yEyk
直尺一度、大筆一揮就被肆意分割124Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡkkd67GeTHv
分割出嚟嘅“籌碼”就被用作交換各色各樣同非洲相關或者唔相關嘅利益124Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡbLTEwP2CsC
至於啲世居喺呢片「未知國度」嘅黑鬼124Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡqWwYCGhrF7
佢地嘅利益理所當然就唔會被考慮啦124Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡwX05WtglnH
伴隨住呢啲分割嘅124Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡ4iF4hNwrlt
係非洲入面唔同部族喺千百年間自然演化出嚟嘅勢力範圍被重新劃分
呢啲歐洲人強加於非洲嘅疆界124Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡFZsD58nm8r
往往會將敵對嘅部族劃埋一齊124Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡUtVHwoWCXl
又或者將同一個部族分開喺唔同嘅國家124Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡDcWtyNWWEI
咁好自然敵對嘅勢力會互相鬥爭124Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡZxrSB01xSI
相同嘅部族又會試圖合併124Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡYlhcZK5i1B
非洲人嘅命運巨輪自始悄然起動124Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡQc8Ak6QMjC
整個非洲將會成為一部特大號嘅絞肉機124Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡTlxJMVIqit
不過呢啲咁遙遠又咁長遠嘅事124Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡ04sETU33lN
對當時身處歐洲廟堂嘅諸公嚟講124Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡMko6CbjJkH
又點會理會同預料到呢
殖民時期前嘅部族勢力分界同現代非洲國界重叠圖
非洲喺二戰後各地武裝衝突地點示意圖
對比呢兩幅圖就可以睇到124Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡkiadcEC2MU
呢啲無視當地土著勢力範圍嘅分割124Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡyltE5N7ZpU
就係往後非洲紛亂不堪最重要嘅起始因素喇124Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡZr9PrYpnAa
根據地域可以將呢啲衝突歸類為四個“重災區”124Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡ0y7VXABGkm
1)法國控制、穆斯林人口主導嘅北非地中海沿岸124Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡPiU1LRO2Dk
2)北緯12度以南、撒哈拉同中非雨林之間嘅草原地帶
阿拉伯人稱之為“薩赫勒”124Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡ8WaCH6bFep
意思係“撒哈拉之海以南”124Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡmS7Mk1VZGe
視乎旱澇情況呢度既係北面穆斯林嘅放牧場又係南面土著王國嘅耕地124Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡ1ff2RZDv8q
自古以來就係兩邊人互相廝咬嘅源頭
3)中非剛果盆地同佢東邊嘅大湖區124Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡ8FMGtGaYGe
4)礦產資源豐富、較為發達但係貧富極為懸殊嘅非洲南部124Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡ5Jy3sJq0HR
基本上各自都有自身獨特嘅原因搞到今時今日咁嘅田地124Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡ79Ty7AsR1h
呢啲會喺嚟緊嘅章節慢慢去講124Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡzcF0yVdSCe
不過我會講講佢地共同擁有嘅“歷史機遇”先124Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡ3IurOebauR
下一集《盛宴之後》再同大家吹過
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
識睇嘅就梗係睇埋個尾啦124Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡpiI2q306gn
話說柏林會議雖然為後世所唾罵124Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡymjd7Wj4YP
不過喺嗰時124Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡ7KIw6oaSHv
的確為各殖民宗主國提供咗一個文明解決潛在爭議嘅框架124Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡpbis68johg
俾斯麥憑藉佢靈活嘅外交手腕124Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡ6650Hcizkm
喺各國錯綜複雜嘅利益關係網中124Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡEeurHxjX7J
一步步拆解分岐124Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡw0Dx2TpIRO
最終搵到個大家都可以接受嘅方案124Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡaNtFLB68Ww
唔使動輒就要打要殺124Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡSxzycwjkx2
目的都係為德國提供一個穩定嘅歐陸124Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡee9ppyHQGU
以發展佢嘅經濟124Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡpwdpYmwmi7
德意志帝國有幸有呢位無雙國士124Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡJxS6u7wRED
可以話係有今生冇來世
之但係帝國呢種國體124Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡU24DBgspHz
就註定有明君先可以有賢臣嘅124Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡ294WVU4OAl
呢台由俾斯麥一人擔綱嘅獨腳戲124Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡqL1TeBpsgi
終究有落幕嘅一日124Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡv6mf3bmc4Z
當嗰位自信滿滿又衝動成性嘅少主登基時124Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡbtt6k9PgjD
俾斯麥嗰套遊走於各方矛盾嘅平衡124Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡtU2TzxJu3k
就唔係好啱佢胃口喇124Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡ98icfXRwbB
佢覺得戰戰兢兢咁踩鋼線實在太慢太悶124Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡP0fg58fKMZ
不如痛痛快快咁玩跳火圈啦124Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡrEXIyEXtUF
1890年3月22號124Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡYAo9aPbx7L
威廉二世以俾斯麥推行嘅反社會主義者法案過於激進為由124Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡiiEJaySxF3
迫令佢辭職124Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡ4LdcNWzXeV
自此呢位德意志帝國嘅舵手就黯然落台124Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡMcezbHfNle
威廉仔亦都開始周圍點火表演跳火圈喇
領航員落船
日耳曼尼亞同俾斯麥睇住兒皇帝玩火自焚
“俾斯麥體系”隨之而瓦解124Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡldrQrWO3CC
對列強嚟講124Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡfwT7bqBx48
德國再唔係穩定歐陸勢力嘅伙伴124Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡfXTqk9y2d2
而係反覆無常嘅計時炸彈124Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡ3xKMExPDuV
漸漸合作變成對立、猜忌加劇矛盾124Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡO4n5A2nJTM
最終走向大戰⋯⋯124Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡStuxaSfI4a
有時不禁會諗124Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡw9qBAn8MOM
最佳答案有時真係未必有最好結果㗎124Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡAuMIcyNUIb
如果1878年柏林會議時俾斯麥狠下決心撐俄國124Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡaBoJn8f4Lv
令世界大戰由威廉一世-俾斯麥-老毛奇呢個鐵三角應對124Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡcvAKaOwuZ7
歷史會唔會改寫呢?124Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡEIp1nWmXGH
德意志帝國同沙俄會唔會繼續存在?124Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡaquzPBrLjA共慘黨又會唔會被掃進棺材呢?124Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡFkyh33RoHM
而嗰喺個平行宇宙嘅我124Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡOTAf6qWfD6
又會點樣寫呢個故仔呢?
124Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡArmMBQl5Ii
-完-
ns216.73.216.19da2
