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純粹係國策使然啫
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總係有種開緊歷史玩笑嘅味道⋯⋯
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喺1868年俾斯麥寫畀佢老友戰爭部長羅恩伯爵嘅信中106Please respect copyright.PENANAhHcWtINtE3
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不過情況好快就會有改變⋯⋯
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1885年2月-德屬東非(坦桑尼亞);4月-肯雅106Please respect copyright.PENANAAOcITuIQgl
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就由冇到有咁建立起僅次於英法兩國、全球第三大嘅殖民帝國喇
德國喺非洲嘅殖民地
俾斯麥為日爾曼尼亞着起名為殖民主義嘅新裝
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呢一紙特許狀純粹係畀呢啲殖民地公司專營權106Please respect copyright.PENANAnun9C91o0d
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民間機構係冇可能處理到殖民地入面嘅諸多事務106Please respect copyright.PENANA2FpZhueFI7
強如英國東印度公司呢間有國家支援嘅百年老店106Please respect copyright.PENANANi6yolT6fx
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要政府接管執手尾
由牛油同豬油引發嘅1857年印度兵變
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畢竟呢啲殖民地開發不嬲都係高風險㗎啦106Please respect copyright.PENANAAj53vHUamV
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獲取足夠多嘅殖民地106Please respect copyright.PENANAI1nERk4HCw
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德國作為老三要做嘅106Please respect copyright.PENANAwNSZeiBAtg
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呢樣就係俾斯麥點解喺1880年代無啦啦搞殖民主義最底層嘅原因喇
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俾斯麥需要一個好似上次柏林會議咁嘅外交場合106Please respect copyright.PENANAwzgCzQH9ZC
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咁啱法國同比利時喺剛果河流域歸屬問題上嘅爭議106Please respect copyright.PENANALVHWwv3dFC
有越演越烈嘅趨勢106Please respect copyright.PENANAwnXt6W90dp
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又突然喺櫳底摷咗份鹹鹹臭臭嘅條約出嚟106Please respect copyright.PENANAWNB764W6LB
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可以自由使用剛果河口南岸嘅一大片土地106Please respect copyright.PENANAiyHaHsZDr3
(即現今安哥拉,詳情請參閱第二集)106Please respect copyright.PENANAuJv7TsnE7K
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於是建議大家過嚟柏林開個會斟斟106Please respect copyright.PENANAylFOP4aNB0
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最終1884年11月15號喺俾斯麥嘅官邸106Please respect copyright.PENANAmCTteOLWm0
齊集除咗瑞士同啲鹹豆咁細嘅鼻屎國外全部歐洲國家106Please respect copyright.PENANAGkfPzSpyIA
再加上美國同鄂圖曼總共14個國家同組織106Please respect copyright.PENANAyeF8h9wcDy
(比利時係以國際剛果協會而唔係國家名義參加)106Please respect copyright.PENANAri09fQXnq0
參與呢個惡名昭彰、後世駡不絕口嘅柏林剛果會議喇
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嗰時冇飛機106Please respect copyright.PENANAZ5AGhN59g5
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計埋聖誕同新年放咗幾日假106Please respect copyright.PENANABiclbO136B
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殖民地政策所佔嘅比重其實唔算好大106Please respect copyright.PENANAFWvkmL1ozH
不過好快就會有改變
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關於第一個問題106Please respect copyright.PENANAqbuUPvdxuo
喺我對上一篇《由比利時嘅斷掌朱古力講起》都有約略講過吓106Please respect copyright.PENANA3QPKZT7nuL
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利奧波德二世呢個掛住人道主義者面具嘅豺狼106Please respect copyright.PENANAaVsHAW9c89
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對各國都有好處106Please respect copyright.PENANAwyArlKjGKO
而法國喺剛果河北岸呢一輪大動作106Please respect copyright.PENANAK3VD7Y4ymQ
目的都只係警示利奧波德二世唔好諗住踩過界啫106Please respect copyright.PENANA3lLoctIQDE
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所以與會各國一致贊成由國際剛果協會管理剛果河南岸106Please respect copyright.PENANAsiLYEeFxYS
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就係咁106Please respect copyright.PENANAnSf1EQU7WK
剛果自由邦成為咗利奧波德二世苦心經營下嘅外交奇蹟喇
剛果自由邦北面疆界基本上就係剛果河
OK搞掂一樣會議繼續⋯⋯106Please respect copyright.PENANAT9jXHE4y2d
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嗱呢份係我國喺1491年同剛果國王約翰一世所簽訂嘅合作協議106Please respect copyright.PENANAhcENmQ0l1u
訂明我國可以自由使用整個剛果河口⋯⋯106Please respect copyright.PENANAL4Qq6sRzIU
等等葡萄牙代表你收番張梅菜坐番低先106Please respect copyright.PENANAF35mryqUIi
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你呢個提案將會同你另一個提案一併處理㗎喇106Please respect copyright.PENANAcn7eIqPm0z
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撒哈拉以南兩大河流──西非嘅尼日河同中非嘅剛果河106Please respect copyright.PENANAr23KiP8JQc
一直都係通往非洲內陸最重要嘅航道106Please respect copyright.PENANAFGR7FvoBoS
關於呢兩大水系嘅通航問題106Please respect copyright.PENANAT4e2XC86iS
其實就相對簡單106Please respect copyright.PENANAB61p16fxA5
因為成個會打正旗號係用自由貿易開化啲黑鬼達至遏止奴隸貿易106Please respect copyright.PENANA1YIzDq1WOS
所以航行自由係必須嘅106Please respect copyright.PENANASLPnX48jNL
尼日河口位於英國佔據嘅尼日三角洲保護地106Please respect copyright.PENANAg5Hz70Nq1B
理所當然進入尼日河所需嘅物流保安等等嘅需求同收益106Please respect copyright.PENANAE8gV3IgjvR
自然就由英國所負責同享用啦
尼日河同佢廣闊流域內嘅盆地
至於剛果河呢⋯⋯106Please respect copyright.PENANAgyzbOBMoKI
得得得你坐番低先106Please respect copyright.PENANALmQTpBrNtu
而家就處理今個會第三個要解決嘅問題──何謂有效佔據106Please respect copyright.PENANAbqHzCrewPZ
順便講埋葡萄牙嘅議題106Please respect copyright.PENANAU1xjRf6Mbd
本來列強殖民非洲個玩法106Please respect copyright.PENANATyoA1GWsfy
一路都係佔據非洲沿岸各個河口海灣後106Please respect copyright.PENANAO4JJ1bYTh5
再同當地土著簽吓合作協議、起吓貿易站仔106Please respect copyright.PENANAUI9XudfAZ7
嗰度就歸佢106Please respect copyright.PENANAe0tT5eiOlX
不過畀啲先入局嘅咁樣咁低成本霸晒啲地106Please respect copyright.PENANAyY2tkCXDwo
對後來者其實相當唔公平106Please respect copyright.PENANAtfdUOTYwpu
俾斯麥建議殖民者需要同當地部落簽署協議之餘106Please respect copyright.PENANA8Ty1tq5io1
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就直程令俾斯麥如虎添翼啦
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葡萄牙其實係相當進取嘅106Please respect copyright.PENANAG08tEZiFPt
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都劃晒畀佢106Please respect copyright.PENANACaY90VgWBt
形成貫穿非洲中南部嘅走廊106Please respect copyright.PENANAY3T5J9lLBj
即係所謂嘅“粉紅地圖”
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而家個原則就係邊個證明到對一笪地方有實質控制106Please respect copyright.PENANAHMjGVIVGkc
邊個先有資格去佔據嗰度106Please respect copyright.PENANADVJyIUF41B
以剛果河口為例106Please respect copyright.PENANAcyEJUkIkoW
國際剛果協會已經證明咗佢對嗰度有實質控制106Please respect copyright.PENANATpLzqq6V0t
而你就只係得份連簽署國都滅亡咗嘅歷史文件106Please respect copyright.PENANA7TWuTEKfI5
咁樣我地好難做㗎喎106Please respect copyright.PENANAauBUdow7x1
我建議剛果河口北岸歸國際剛果協會106Please respect copyright.PENANAhZ2ekvrdA5
南岸就歸葡屬安哥拉106Please respect copyright.PENANAOZxlRaPDpG
大家有冇異議?本來英國早喺2月已經同葡萄牙簽署協議106Please respect copyright.PENANAFVqlfapniY
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不過當呢份“粉紅地圖”一擺上枱面106Please respect copyright.PENANA515lmC7mIW
英國佬即刻嬲到紅都面晒106Please respect copyright.PENANAfwYyROgLFT
事關如果畀葡萄牙建立到呢條中南非走廊嘅話106Please respect copyright.PENANAafzpBYIUz4
佢嗰個籌備中嘅“縱斷非洲”計劃就會斷纜106Please respect copyright.PENANABAAQi6qahb
呢樣嘢係絕對唔可以發生
英國嘅“縱斷非洲”同法國嘅“橫斷非洲”106Please respect copyright.PENANAR2qKJfz8pe
是為非洲版過三關106Please respect copyright.PENANACrB9IRS9dy
詳情請參閱我對上一篇廢文
英國即時陷於兩難106Please respect copyright.PENANAxpGNs2emGm
如果支持葡萄牙個先發現原則攞剛果河口嘅話106Please respect copyright.PENANAfzIBls2kzT
佢就要同時承認“粉紅地圖”106Please respect copyright.PENANAOnLo7lBVIN
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兩害取其輕下英國佬決定叫葡萄牙吔自己106Please respect copyright.PENANA8gsX2udVBk
轉向支持國際剛果協會106Please respect copyright.PENANAxZ6ARaed6I
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而俾斯麥為英法兩國所搭建嘅呢個非洲鬥獸場亦就此完成喇
因為柏林會議嘅分割106Please respect copyright.PENANAp7BjAP67TM
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自始成為一塊飛地106Please respect copyright.PENANA0Yvbkvt7S2往後章節都會提及吓非洲呢啲奇奇怪怪嘅劃界
跟住落嚟嘅會議就係與會各國之間嘅雙邊或者三邊談判106Please respect copyright.PENANAR3LsCgy36w
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或者法國同意意大利佔領利比亞同非洲之角嘅厄立特里亞106Please respect copyright.PENANAotPR3R2anq
以尋求意大利承認法國喺突尼西亞嘅主權啦106Please respect copyright.PENANA1A5yKXjgr0
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可能各位小朋友都對呢堆遙遠嘅名字感到陌生106Please respect copyright.PENANAp2gLaFBS1f
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唔只你地106Please respect copyright.PENANAvGmz6ypQPx
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「我地交換到嘅呢啲山脈、湖泊同土地,實際上係連我地都唔知喺邊」106Please respect copyright.PENANAJGcHLvhuTN
事實上整個非洲就畀列強當成無主之地106Please respect copyright.PENANAOBNZmupjV4
直尺一度、大筆一揮就被肆意分割106Please respect copyright.PENANAa7uYnBTXfz
分割出嚟嘅“籌碼”就被用作交換各色各樣同非洲相關或者唔相關嘅利益106Please respect copyright.PENANAjzAtxjCjd3
至於啲世居喺呢片「未知國度」嘅黑鬼106Please respect copyright.PENANAJ5ldtsMSxH
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伴隨住呢啲分割嘅106Please respect copyright.PENANAvYhbt05HWq
係非洲入面唔同部族喺千百年間自然演化出嚟嘅勢力範圍被重新劃分
呢啲歐洲人強加於非洲嘅疆界106Please respect copyright.PENANAtG8muHnBXU
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相同嘅部族又會試圖合併106Please respect copyright.PENANAVujyt92JVv
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整個非洲將會成為一部特大號嘅絞肉機106Please respect copyright.PENANAnRNK6D1prm
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又點會理會同預料到呢
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非洲喺二戰後各地武裝衝突地點示意圖
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就係往後非洲紛亂不堪最重要嘅起始因素喇106Please respect copyright.PENANAAw7gxXIxrU
根據地域可以將呢啲衝突歸類為四個“重災區”106Please respect copyright.PENANA5k25pDisn4
1)法國控制、穆斯林人口主導嘅北非地中海沿岸106Please respect copyright.PENANAKQnQcVIhbJ
2)北緯12度以南、撒哈拉同中非雨林之間嘅草原地帶
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自古以來就係兩邊人互相廝咬嘅源頭
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呢啲會喺嚟緊嘅章節慢慢去講106Please respect copyright.PENANAyIdjPd0aqN
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下一集《盛宴之後》再同大家吹過
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識睇嘅就梗係睇埋個尾啦106Please respect copyright.PENANAyEzyU065dU
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俾斯麥憑藉佢靈活嘅外交手腕106Please respect copyright.PENANANvma2a4aZy
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可以話係有今生冇來世
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呢台由俾斯麥一人擔綱嘅獨腳戲106Please respect copyright.PENANA3brtCkGIrO
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當嗰位自信滿滿又衝動成性嘅少主登基時106Please respect copyright.PENANAVftNixPk3r
俾斯麥嗰套遊走於各方矛盾嘅平衡106Please respect copyright.PENANAX75x8JL7pl
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佢覺得戰戰兢兢咁踩鋼線實在太慢太悶106Please respect copyright.PENANA8tBtd7hJXr
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1890年3月22號106Please respect copyright.PENANAQ0HMPe0mVy
威廉二世以俾斯麥推行嘅反社會主義者法案過於激進為由106Please respect copyright.PENANADFdLG1gWQB
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威廉仔亦都開始周圍點火表演跳火圈喇
領航員落船
日耳曼尼亞同俾斯麥睇住兒皇帝玩火自焚
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漸漸合作變成對立、猜忌加劇矛盾106Please respect copyright.PENANA0oSmjkTQUn
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如果1878年柏林會議時俾斯麥狠下決心撐俄國106Please respect copyright.PENANAnUyD9P1Xb8
令世界大戰由威廉一世-俾斯麥-老毛奇呢個鐵三角應對106Please respect copyright.PENANAIZcgA1Xr3H
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106Please respect copyright.PENANAmCH3xUVwTo
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