x
喺講啲黑鬼點畀利奧波德二世斬手斬腳前29Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡCtgLZDdGHW
首先要講講佢地一路係過緊點嘅生活29Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡQjVhYkzAX1
其實佢地唔係一般人想像中咁原始㗎29Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡnllzoUrhlY
喺剛果河下游至河口一帶29Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡlbAfGuJQAG
因為河道較闊29Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡsxUlZNi1Al
葡萄牙人都入到去探索29Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡwjkeqkaFoZ
當地嘅土人接觸得多西方文明29Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡtN1knaT8bN
生活水平同知識相對於內陸係高啲嘅29Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡF9gQLEsiVK
佢地會種啲粟米呀豆呀做主糧29Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡ6vFcwAGbod
(係葡萄牙十六十七世紀時引入嘅)29Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡrWb4iw3E5X
基本上已經唔係原始嘅漁獵社會29Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡZpbI9ZY1XB
佢地亦都會同內陸嘅部落29Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡzoMyyoTYcq
以物易物咁換啲象牙同橡膠出嚟賣畀葡萄牙人29Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡtXyfdwL4vG
攞到錢就買啲西方產物29Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡy6aQjC3RoI
當年史丹利喺河口係簽唔到協議乜濟29Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡBZfuG7Exfb
就係因為嗰度嘅人水平較高唔中計29Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡ0slgcOBGmh
所以剛果河下游自由邦係佔得好少地
(河嘅北岸已經係法屬剛果，南邊就係葡屬安哥拉)
至於中游嘅部落就相對原始好多喇29Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡZiwzl3Ba0Y
因為剛果河中段係由一系列嘅急流同瀑布組成29Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡXDYl3jaBQt
船係行唔到入去嘅29Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡzwt4MVFvSL
交通非常唔方便29Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡakFYmrgjwk
各個部落亦都分得好散29Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡDTL8EmOXh3
好多部落第一個見到嘅白人就係史丹利29Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡsDcAO1KCYI
所以先畀佢有機可乘29Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡX8mUh4XaKW
而呢啲部落主要都係捉吓魚呀，食吓猩猩呀咁維生29Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡe9WgyNSjc8
一般人眼中嘅非洲原始人就係呢啲喇
位於剛果河中游嘅博約馬瀑布29Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡahP91oCjQy
舊稱史丹利瀑布29Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡwqQ90c5S0c
故名思義就係阿史生首先發現㗎啦
上游近大湖區嘅部落多數都係畀阿拉伯人控制嘅29Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡTAMYBFhcBd
不過啲阿拉伯人又唔係真係咁殘暴嘅29Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡAC9DClvVZE
因為佢地主要係捉啲人攞去賣吓29Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡVM6lUKMZqj
同要脅吓啲村民幫佢地搵象牙嘅啫29Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡo5RDHyaEIL
佢地要長做長有所以唔會搞到啲村民太慘29Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡL7n1Q9Sr7B
始終啲人身體唔好又點賣到好價錢呢?29Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡz73gwRI625
大屠殺對佢地嘅生意冇好處29Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡkFSxnPjdzc
而啲村民多數都係捉魚為生29Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡVqbhKovCMG
(嗰系列嘅大湖係全非洲水產最豐富嘅地區)29Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡyL2FyXr8ad
而南邊嘅熱帶草原地帶就係最富庶嘅29Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡU47mpgKd4k
嗰度嘅部落有種嘢嘅又有放牧嘅29Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡRLc5252awn
但係最賺錢嘅係採礦29Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡuhZwG3gvPt
剛果南部加丹加地區喺正非洲中部嘅大礦帶29Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡmnQ0RPCMas
喺嗰度嘅部族領袖多數都係靠賣銅畀歐洲人致富29Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡkIZVHCmUAI
生番土王帝Msiri就係其中最強大嘅29Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡYFalsXxnDU
剛果地形大概係由東部高地一路斜向西邊29Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡ73nUstD067
北面係雨林南邊就草原29Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡC8uaqQWGwS
咁大個國家得西邊一個出海口仔29Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡWr3KZ0VfMU
(佢海岸線得卅七公里,香港嗰條都有七百幾公里啦)
如果利奧波德二世可以慢慢發展29Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡ95Ss7jcMH4
根據唔同地方嘅情況去計劃開發嘅方向嘅話29Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡJqEByfJo6R
一塊資源咁豐富嘅地方係可以有好大嘅潛力29Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡERfFbq3Us1
由農業採礦開始29Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡvFKKWJCSxz
再慢慢發展工業29Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡqZgP0FVQaW
有人力又有資源其實係最理想嘅29Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡVunk6F0Agl
不過佢冇時間咁做29Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡqPzwBLWemf
而家呢一刻嘅利奧波德二世29Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡZZlVocJ4F8
可以話係揹到成身街數29Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡwKLwrAupfQ
佢唔不惜一切咁搵錢填氹嘅話29Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡqptaCX0rm6
唔好話發展呀29Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡpEAK895EIR
連佢自己都會搞到債主臨門一身蟻29Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡeCnnxzLpRY
咁點先可以最快速咁喺殖民地攞到錢呢?29Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡUnOVNNslTi
剛果唔似南美印加帝國咁有咁多金畀西班牙佬去搶29Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡ72x44IncDR
要喺度攞錢最快嘅方法就係變賣資源29Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡmSZvSHohEl
剛果最值錢嘅就係南部嘅礦產同雨林入面嘅象牙同橡膠29Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡSU9s9hE2lV
喺自由邦成立前啲土人係隨意去攞嘅29Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡH2POktPR6M
再經自由貿易賣畀歐洲人29Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡ29D4W5OaoS
利奧波德二世如果要變賣資源賺錢29Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡ6aGXQYnYve
佢首先要壟斷呢啲資源嘅擁有權29Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡ9eGGptACpQ
但係本身喺自由邦入面做緊生意嘅歐洲商人一定會屌鬼29Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡwiVzZF5aaq
佢要用啲冇咁顯眼嘅方法去做
喺1889年佢頒布咗一個政令29Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡInTfb8O6OB
將剛果自由邦裡面冇人居住嘅土地劃為邦政府所有29Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡZ32yfLiCSf
因為成個剛果大部分都係冇人嘅雨林29Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡ5Amo5TJR9a
咁即係差唔多八九成嘅土地都變咗係政府嘅29Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡ40sPNyB7xe
跟住喺1892年佢宣布所有喺政府土地收集到嘅嘢29Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡkpiq2OIntv
都只可以賣畀政府或者指定嘅公司29Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡN6cnWWlzPU
各國企業家都可以競投十到十五年嘅專營權29Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡr1S0GjPP8N
(當然到最後都係畀利奧波德二世有關嘅租界公司攞到啦)29Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡ4JabJW9poL
透過呢啲條例同方法29Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡ9GDonh7Oj6
利奧波德二世就可以係冇明顯違反柏林協議29Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡNuexhyeabD
有關各國自由貿易嘅條款下29Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡXP03XP4Zl8
壟斷全個剛果自由邦嘅資源29Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡ5wAmtmBaz6
咁邦政府同租界公司29Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡQDVCwyLLM7
就可以用佢地控制嘅價格29Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡ73unhtdM02
去買入啲黑鬼收集到嘅資源喇
個價同係自由市場嘅分別好大29Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡbb2VdgihLe
之前啲黑鬼賣橡膠畀葡萄牙人29Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡZSM6oLT5ul
一公斤可以賣到3-4法郎29Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡIEZKk2ELI1
而家租界公司最多只會出7毫子
另外佢又用啱啱打贏咗阿拉伯人所攞到嘅聲望29Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡ82oXMuHLGH
說服各國畀佢向自由邦嘅人收稅29Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡm3Sc4nVUVP
用嚟平衡返打仗嘅支出同起鐵路嘅支出29Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡoVGolqRQHI
(喺1892年自由邦政府開始起一條鐵路29Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡy7ewR9VhU9
繞過剛果河中游嘅瀑布區29Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡlMqZSiAHQj
全長三百幾公里)29Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡjCZOOvyYvN
啲稅收係以橡膠或者象牙嚟繳付29Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡCM1E0w7LFE
好似人頭稅咁29Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡCbx1hFrj6Q
每個成年男人都有一個配額29Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡai0IxcaFKW
由租界公司收取29Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡwCpXuCJrec
FP做稅吏追稅29Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡYCEK3sfvea
...似曾相識29Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡG6cwNHtFmH
一切都好似返返去中世紀封建時代咁29Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡBjkOC9brN7
無助嘅農奴畀殘暴嘅稅吏追稅⋯⋯29Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡRom0MpVS7F
剛果人嘅悲劇而家可以開始喇
利奧波德二世實際上係將成個剛果自由邦29Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡv4JEs4zctW
分成九座巨大嘅勞動集中營29Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡc0328xwVLi
而喺呢九個租界裡面29Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡCWisBzVwXq
每一條村都有由租界公司設立嘅哨站29Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡBu8rsB9trT
哨站嘅主管全部都係歐洲嚟嘅29Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡr5TbSSVDPL
以惡名昭彰嘅A.B.I.R.為例29Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡI1APGiiPXr
(Anglo-Belgian India Rubber Company，29Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡ9ywVUqNVXa
利奧波德二世以代理人嘅方式29Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡO53ouTg3K6
同英國一個陸軍上校合資喺1892年成立嘅)29Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡxPKLVNwmxM
佢會以三年合約29Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡsgu5EsK9rL
每年千八到二千法郎咁請啲人過去做嘅29Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡJ0ytgmIetV
呢個人工其實唔係咁高29Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡXbYKZRP17C
大概相等於同時期歐洲一個普通工人嘅年薪29Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡLDicKr3sSs
嗰度又山旮旯又多蛇蟲鼠蟻仲有食人族29Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡdbCLvfA9GL
正常嚟講應該係睬佢都有味29Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡurYMDZ4leu
不過如果啲主管跑過咗target話就唔同咁講喇29Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡARY05fRyOq
(通常個target係佢管轄區內29Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡvSiEHX3h1O
每個成年男丁每個月提供8到10公斤乾橡膠)29Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡ0VZXaiIEKj
因為橡膠總值嘅2%29Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡJ3BsZf0ytJ
會作為佣金派發畀主管嘅29Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡN0X07ANdUg
個佣可以去到萬七法朗一年29Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡOPqJi9B290
加埋佢份底薪嘅話有成萬九法郎29Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡ7H1b6HNx8V
相等於而家63萬港紙左右29Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡAvY8C55Skb
呢個人工對當時嘅歐洲人嚟講係非常吸引29Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡw936j7RQmZ
(去Working Holiday三年29Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡAeu2dgbmk7
之後返番鄉下就可以生活無憂䟴䟴腳，爽 )29Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡQjP27QUSEk
但係如果唔到target嘅話29Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡCXbjRClIjR
就要喺份糧到嘔番個差額出嚟29Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡn15elPSaNF
所以喺呢個跑數制度之下29Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡlELzBnHbNi
啲主管係會毫無人性咁捽數29Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡPhMSfKOJAM
務求喺三年內賺夠走人29Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡLygfkh8Daw
而幫佢地去實行捽數計劃嘅就係FP29Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡXX6ZC8Buhc
最初FP係利奧波德二世喺比利時請過嚟嘅士官做管理29Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡzv8ZhyzUZ1
再加上由桑吉巴請番嚟嘅僱傭兵所組成嘅29Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡMBtYkNZ3Dw
後來FP喺剛果-阿拉伯戰爭爆發期間迅速膨脹29Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡuUo0jshsH1
因為唔夠人佢開始強行徵召戰區內嘅黑鬼入伍29Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡ44a8VaCcRZ
到戰爭完結時29Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡON8oguMLmd
FP嘅主力差唔多全部都係剛果人29Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡPeHvUl28In
但係點解啲黑鬼會咁樣殘害自己同胞嘅?
其實所謂嘅“剛果人”29Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡn2LD4UN2EH
喺自由邦成立前根本係唔存在嘅29Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡ746HZGAk4s
剛果盆地本身有二百幾個部族29Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡZh8WGZjanR
喺歐洲人未嚟到之前29Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡgGmsaKdkwk
佢地已經為咗爭奪資源而打生打死29Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡc08wewPR5U
呢啲鬥爭係唔會因為柏林會議強加上去嘅國界而平息29Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡLoCSgWOPrw
佢地從來都唔係一個統一嘅民族29Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡr3W9f9L84v
所以都講唔上係自相殘殺29Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡ6UU7VI2MDt
另外FP主要係徵召剛果東北部29Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡbHnIRtTzWm
以剽悍見稱嘅食人部落29Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡ8u5INTJU11
佢地不嬲都以侵略其他部落為生29Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡq5lGNmyyoV
而家邦政府出埋糧畀埋槍29Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡvAeNFewetm
佢地開心都嚟唔切啦29Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡC7o9BoIF7K
加上如果佢地負責嘅嗰條村唔到target嘅話29Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡwTp1FiRokF
佢地除咗會被扣一半糧之外29Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡP3UoE7Qr8n
仲要畀人虐打甚至收監29Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡXxzeWyf8CF
(監獄平均每日死三到十個人左右29Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡon6sWb0nxW
所以入得去坐都唔使旨意有命出番嚟)29Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡIfg1mKkCtb
正所謂人不為己天誅地滅29Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡiQIivFiWaK
畀著係你會點揀?
呢條叫Chicotte，葡文解做鞭29Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡp6KanmsUqp
呢啲犀牛皮做嘅鞭通常係攞嚟教訓啲搵唔夠橡膠嘅人29Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡsGoHTNYvQT
一個成年男人大概可以受卅鞭左右啦29Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡcL2Q6VfQeM
再多就升仙㗎喇
呢個男人望住嘅係佢個五歲嘅女嘅手同腳29Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡEencpsxSwe
至於其他部分同阿媽呢29Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡqskYlgQcqt
就畀FP嘅僱傭兵食咗29Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡ2zJLprrN2X
呢幅相揭露咗二十世紀初一場最大嘅人道醜聞
同啲阿拉伯奴隸主一樣29Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡFkWkKk3Wwq
FP最常用嘅招數29Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡpVE7MAsTMy
都係綁架啲男丁嘅老婆仔女屋企人29Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡmWJseZfy6L
去逼佢地採集橡膠29Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡ9s3a2ba0w0
面對咁嘅壓迫29Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡYhOf71GGOx
啲村民當然不滿啦29Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡeal4Ba37AU
尤其係喺自由邦西部近河口嘅部落29Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡksTdFSyix7
呢啲稅項同壟斷令到佢地做開嘅生意完全停止29Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡXNxrvadzYv
佢地有啲選擇咗反抗29Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡxZp89orFMP
不過因為實力差距太大29Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡEehqTXbDae
好多時呢啲叛亂都係滅族收場嘅29Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡyARfu1SiRq
所以大部分自由邦西部嘅部落29Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡ0DyuCGOzBc
都選擇向南面嘅葡屬安哥拉同北面嘅法屬剛果遷徙29Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡtdGw0P6ozA
以致當英國係1903年派人嚟調查自由邦內嘅情況時29Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡFUThnP7O0q
個調查員形容剛果河口地區嘅情況係29Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡZwYedEBdoe
「自由邦境內人影都冇，但河嘅兩岸就人煙稠密」29Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡ6PoNC8pfjB
不過呢到冇乜橡膠資源29Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡ1QUBaQii1S
所以邦政府對啲人出走都唔係好緊張29Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡebD0pycpSq
至於內陸地區嘅部落就冇咁好彩走到喇29Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡpI2RZQLLvX
邦政府同租界公司對每條村都有嚴密嘅監控29Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡBtfu6ndXmK
主要對外通道全部都有人把守29Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡ39ntV6gRJW
想逃避唯一辦法就係匿埋喺叢林度29Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡlwx64MfTyl
然後等死(其實都有唔少人咁做...)29Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡBoZudcvmjE
29Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡTjoQwyLuej
而喺啲據點主管瘋狂捽數下29Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡmOxtAsQdRz
啲村民差唔多所有時間29Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡUQXVl9EDQk
都係用晒嚟做收集橡膠有關嘅工作29Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡAzB1JSmmxG
而近乎完全冇回報29Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡU1aQ3cWrU0
一般一個成年男丁需要採集廿幾日29Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡDBgw4nmCx2
先夠交嗰個月嘅橡膠稅29Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡV4s7uXH96v
有剩嘅先可以以賤價賣畀租界公司29Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡQ45tEL5yxP
去換食物畀屋企人29Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡwLTNyUf0Pj
同時佢地亦都冇時間去打獵種田29Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡn2qrCB65en
一切正常嘅經濟民生活動被迫停止29Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡujw3Qj5bI2
所以飢荒係非常普遍29Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡzjoLkFiNi8
但係相對於交唔足稅嘅懲罰29Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡS78YqzLc9u
可以一家人一齊捱餓29Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡXAddWn3Rx2
對佢地嚟講已經係最好嘅情況嚟㗎喇29Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡkw4Qxz6617
因為非洲橡膠嘅特點29Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡx3pG5vYzDF
令採集嘅效率愈嚟愈低29Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡOJ914BTZeL
要到數係件非常困難嘅事
啲橡膠乳液平均一半係水份，個稅係計曬乾咗嘅重量，所以冇得加水出術
喺呢度要講少少關於橡膠嘅嘢先29Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡNvge3kCmM7
自從1893年發明咗充氣車胎之後29Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡ7YirMz4zjn
橡膠嘅需求直線上升29Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡxiVlLN7eMv
但係供應個速度一時之間追唔上29Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡERhpvy5ehK
供不應求下個價由1894年六個幾一公斤29Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡ6qaArMvx0q
飆升到1898年嘅10法郎29Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡm8UKyBWJOk
租界公司當然就會不斷咁提高橡膠稅額啦29Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡaxOAiF2WDS
但係非洲橡膠乳液嘅採集方法29Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡ4qqXk4eu4l
係冇可能滿足到不停增長嘅需求29Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡMrNaFrAFPo
29Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡwe2GcMjmS8
橡膠主要分兩種:橡膠樹同橡膠攀藤29Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡMXukjcbYCl
原產地係南美巴西嘅橡膠樹29Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡGLkAqfKlMN
只需要割開主要軀幹嘅樹皮29Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡTntSOD23y4
因為地心吸力29Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡYPP6xCTQn7
啲乳液就會自然流出嚟29Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡPFLHEcHPI3
啲工人割完擺低個桶裝住佢29Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡzzabJMSFog
第二日去收番啲桶就搞掂29Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡmVDAuZRB0c
基本上好似開水喉咁長開長有29Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡme5TppAA8e
不過呢一種樹非洲係冇嘅29Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡHwuXX1Rwfh
現時主流嘅收集乳液方法
巴西政府極力維護呢種橡膠樹嘅壟斷29Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡ42KHMiWHhl
但係喺1876年29Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡJ6PXfg41ih
呢個英國佬偷咗七萬幾粒種子畀英國政府29Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡwuW8fHYHAS
跟住攞去馬來亞半島度種29Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡIvH6o6M2Gf
所以而家天然橡膠最主要嘅產區係馬來西亞而唔係巴西
而剛果盆地嘅橡膠29Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡdnPWDUkkMX
主要來自一種攀藤29Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡjaTJYlcTjs
喺雨林呢類攀藤會一路沿住啲大樹幹生上去29Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡ2tT8IdPZG0
通常會生到三十米以上29Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡgxYvuJAatF
即係大概十幾層樓高29Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡmw0zOsTigq
另外佢會喺樹與樹之間縱橫交錯29Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡAJuNtsOtMr
從而冇明顯嘅軀幹29Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡCK2ZumJAd6
如果用南美橡膠樹嗰種方法去收集乳液嘅話29Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡVeATdUxnC1
因為冇主要軀幹29Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡztoVsL3ncr
啲乳液唔夠集中29Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡZw97SwbM4Y
喺啲支幹度收集嘅話個份量會太少29Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡCDP3l6AWKf
收集速度太慢根本唔可行較為有效率嘅方法29Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡcN4dIAIGFZ
就係爬上樹頂29Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡHOk3vGVy77
成棵逐忽逐忽斬落嚟29Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡPbz05rxmk1
然後再逐少逐少咁壓榨啲樹皮29Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡGTsuFvOayn
咁樣做除咗好易變空中飛人外29Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡX0rZ7wFSG8
仲非常晒時間29Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡAIQOFD6XfA
一日最多榨到兩至三棵29Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡ9Y75iDy8lx
一棵榨乾榨淨可能得半桶乳液29Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡwuxYFMOCQJ
經烘乾後仲要再少一半重量29Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡP8n8Oih5Td
29Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡgO8vqAvANK
最大鑊係咁樣搞一搞棵嘢就會玩完29Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡatem5Pksom
即係雨林入面嘅橡膠源買少見少29Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡAfbTOCge8I
當村附近嘅橡膠源枯竭晒後29Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡdnFKpd6ke5
啲村民就要愈嚟愈深入雨林入面29Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡ5ECwh2f3V0
去搵愈嚟愈稀缺嘅橡膠攀藤29Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡquNIPHxMA5
一來一回嘅運輸時間長咗29Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡhJWueZZ4fm
令效率進一步降低29Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡYeciLElJvD
以致到咗1890年代中期29Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡKkxEMNdfVP
一個成年男丁29Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡc2UtWehU4R
已經冇可能完成佢嘅配額喇
等佢滴完一桶你啲屋企人好可能命仔都冇埋喇喎29Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡy6eguy6iHx
你會點揀?
當然啲黑鬼有困難就係佢地嘅問題嚟啫29Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡ7o1NdDS3nM
喺啲主管眼中最擔心嘅係佢自己到唔到數29Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡ5GWVNrTZ5K
除咗逼啲黑鬼冇飯開都要搵橡膠之外29Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡmuloQs4aKJ
佢地仲會不斷派人探索叢林深處29Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡtVoj0wTYJl
搵啲未被發現嘅原始部落再設立據點29Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡVq6eYS9biR
透過呢啲破壞性嘅開採方法29Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡ8Hw48u6f5c
加上不斷發掘新嘅剝削對象29Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡOI8V98GfTf
令一眾租界公司業務蒸蒸日上29Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡ8NeZLlR9QL
以A.B.I.R.為例29Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡkQ8k9ONTjh
1892-94兩年總共先賺咗13萬法郎29Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡCgD2C1snYu
到1900年一年已經賺差唔多250萬喇29Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡ6rgJpkwhVS
換番做而家嘅港紙大概係8200萬左右29Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡfAggZo8N5a
呢個仲只係一間公司一年嘅利潤咋喎29Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡ4w2nmVqK9T
成個自由邦總共有九間租界公司29Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡIFfxmJF547
可想而知嗰個時期成個剛果為利奧波德二世賺咗幾多錢29Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡrXUFyaWc64
29Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡCJek40vdhp
喺呢段時間利奧波德二世利用呢啲錢去還債29Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡDBppflfzhQ
同回購租界公司嘅股份29Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡS34x3oagKT
令剛果自由邦逐漸成為佢真正嘅私人財產29Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡvcz1WNuyuS
與此同時佢喺比利時大肆建造極其華美嘅建築29Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡXQsaO3TGtd
又大力扶持國家嘅工業同轉口生意29Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡbiMPgQUg5P
比利時因此國泰民安29Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡAEffSEdhSv
一躍成西歐其中一個最工業化，最富裕嘅國家29Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡKoU2lh8mfk
至於地球另一邊嗰個黑暗角落發生嘅事29Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡ6tgSraicNZ
當時嘅人係唔知亦都唔會理嘅29Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡJKLIYg0m9v
佢地只係知道仁慈嘅國王為佢地帶嚟幸福29Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡZAtcl9ftlF
不過呢種發展模式差唔多去到盡頭喇
29Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡM4sJJFIfBR
29Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡX4sJEcT6Dr
29Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡi1bPkFe5Gp
...待續
29Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡjab6GcD31J
