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德國統一初期佢對海外擴張都係相當抗拒105Please respect copyright.PENANAJ9fg5IqSYi
原因之一係繼承自普魯士嘅帝國海軍105Please respect copyright.PENANAUYSaCd3yxd
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根本支撐唔到龐大嘅殖民地發展105Please respect copyright.PENANAecWn1jjjlH
就咁其實德國唔係冇能力發展遠洋艦隊105Please respect copyright.PENANAhYHSSSLDB5
相反德國船廠嘅技術喺當時係首屈一指105Please respect copyright.PENANAPyiWUoAuhO
號稱遠東最強戰艦嘅定遠號同鎮遠號105Please respect copyright.PENANAIG2WypRl4Q
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個海軍咁鵪鶉嘅原因105Please respect copyright.PENANAYrQLPj6602
純粹係國策使然啫
定遠號同鎮遠號喺德國港口付運時情況
俾斯麥刻意壓抑海軍發展105Please respect copyright.PENANAJReDQaqAEi
原因係避免同其他列強直接競爭105Please respect copyright.PENANAOxR7yeqZEK
例如喺1867年尾105Please respect copyright.PENANAnUCUzIldF6
北德意志邦聯海軍司令繞過俾斯麥105Please respect copyright.PENANAcigdm76c2C
直接同中美洲哥斯達黎加協議設立軍港105Please respect copyright.PENANAqj37vOuosI
當俾斯麥知道時即時叫停105Please respect copyright.PENANAkdLwn86pbg
原因就係因為佢驚得罪美國105Please respect copyright.PENANAeZb6vVU2Q7
(門羅主義下嘅美國對歐洲國家介入美洲事務相當反感)105Please respect copyright.PENANAjS8yiIoYXf
對一個距離咁遠嘅強國都咁忌憚105Please respect copyright.PENANAX2WpopwoNh
何況英國、法國呢啲傳統海軍強國105Please respect copyright.PENANAow5xu46HRj
以德國個地理位置105Please respect copyright.PENANAammP0EFm5J
發展遠洋艦隊105Please respect copyright.PENANANOpVA7zBYy
根本係浪費寶貴嘅國家資源105Please respect copyright.PENANA2eTtLsKG8q
冇強大嘅海軍105Please respect copyright.PENANAzasOeWdsmA
殖民主義又從何談起呢?
以一個明瞭發展強大海軍弊端嘅歷史偉人105Please respect copyright.PENANAFA1o2yzg0F
嚟命名一艘帝國最強大嘅戰艦105Please respect copyright.PENANAoO2A2z9D9s
總係有種開緊歷史玩笑嘅味道⋯⋯
不過官方嘅立場並唔影響民間對海外擴張嘅嚮往105Please respect copyright.PENANAuVJ87uMykC
喺1860年代中期開始105Please respect copyright.PENANApBN8dp825h
尤其係探索剛果盆地成功後105Please respect copyright.PENANAogkvIo46Z7
各國包括德國嘅民間都充斥住對探險嘅熱情105Please respect copyright.PENANA4jsT1jcSow
形形色色嘅企業同地理學會都紛紛組團105Please respect copyright.PENANAqwRlkjtEja
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傳統殖民強國好似英法兩國105Please respect copyright.PENANA3RGOmWUd4e
同埋某個博晒老命搵殖民地嘅豆腐膶低地國105Please respect copyright.PENANAz7q4lQTWJF
因為有國家機器加持105Please respect copyright.PENANASHytLSPtaa
啲探險隊當然就如魚得水啦105Please respect copyright.PENANAmDIwE2fNYw
但係德國嗰啲就陰公喇105Please respect copyright.PENANAsDjEbJBOdh
喺1868年俾斯麥寫畀佢老友戰爭部長羅恩伯爵嘅信中105Please respect copyright.PENANAwA0QzZl9M3
佢表明唔會用納稅人嘅錢支持呢啲同國策相違背嘅私人企業活動105Please respect copyright.PENANAyET0pccVez
就係咁啲企業就算探到險簽到合作協議都好105Please respect copyright.PENANANqrVJqbEZK
到最後返到德國都會畀俾斯麥拒之門外白忙一場105Please respect copyright.PENANAFpvdWXP0Jp
攞唔到國家資助自然就發展唔到啦105Please respect copyright.PENANAAvSPEIOzvf
不過情況好快就會有改變⋯⋯
1878年柏林會議後105Please respect copyright.PENANAOEr9JGA3j3
巴爾幹局勢暫時穩定落嚟105Please respect copyright.PENANAyqrQIgDpkt
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為嗰個時代嘅歐洲確立咗一個和平嘅基礎105Please respect copyright.PENANAzMlW0joAxm
至少係表面上啦105Please respect copyright.PENANAhw1KacoxGI
俾斯麥終於保得住德國個後欄105Please respect copyright.PENANAEsBwc7ZYnP
可以專心應付嚟自法國嘅敵意喇105Please respect copyright.PENANAKR0ECmAGqD
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英法喺會上嘅枱底交易105Please respect copyright.PENANA9y4PNhKbrd
似乎都預視咗嚟緊嘅外交角力焦點105Please respect copyright.PENANAfOD5AkyPfU
將會由歐陸轉移到各殖民地事務上105Please respect copyright.PENANApB9Ac58pPa
同巴爾幹動輒牽扯上幾百年嘅國仇家恨唔同105Please respect copyright.PENANAi7HzPrzkWR
呢啲殖民地爭議105Please respect copyright.PENANAMLvVR07Ci2
本質上純粹係基於經濟利益嘅啫105Please respect copyright.PENANAoJPnzEPDES
德國要參與其中105Please respect copyright.PENANAXzQeLR3ZM8
從而繼續喺外交上孤立法國同分散佢對歐陸嘅注意力嘅話105Please respect copyright.PENANApIhnyzn0Zr
就唔可以好似今次咁只係做個Honest Broker就夠105Please respect copyright.PENANAQ0fzWAsZ5e
佢一定要有啲籌碼喺手105Please respect copyright.PENANAuWOYmOqcB1
先可以埋枱玩105Please respect copyright.PENANAzGEcIUIZLg
咁代表俾斯麥要做樣佢唔係好想做嘅嘢──海外擴張105Please respect copyright.PENANAi5IYQYK42m
喺1880年尾開始105Please respect copyright.PENANAO43DVjqxhm
之前食飽閉門羹嘅企業同機構105Please respect copyright.PENANAQR6Y69VfL9
陸續獲得俾斯麥接見105Please respect copyright.PENANATVOSfUxLkk
並且陸續獲批殖民地嘅特許狀105Please respect copyright.PENANADTVEjThdWf
1884年4月-德屬西南非洲(納米比亞);7月-西非嘅多哥蘭同喀麥隆;105Please respect copyright.PENANAJgn0vkKdEh
1885年2月-德屬東非(坦桑尼亞);4月-肯雅105Please respect copyright.PENANA1Zq0JAgQf7
加埋幾個喺南太平洋嘅群島仔105Please respect copyright.PENANAQzZclYqRRT
於是德國喺一年間105Please respect copyright.PENANAiOueUuwVKD
就由冇到有咁建立起僅次於英法兩國、全球第三大嘅殖民帝國喇
德國喺非洲嘅殖民地
俾斯麥為日爾曼尼亞着起名為殖民主義嘅新裝
睇落好似好威威咁105Please respect copyright.PENANAcTvxBqE7i8
不過呢啲殖民地其實都係掛個名係德國旗下嘅啫105Please respect copyright.PENANAdShLYiXogZ
因為俾斯麥根本唔想使太多錢喺呢度105Please respect copyright.PENANAPZ2o3ozAE2
呢一紙特許狀純粹係畀呢啲殖民地公司專營權105Please respect copyright.PENANA6mXdSExeHT
同喺“必要”時提供軍事援助啫105Please respect copyright.PENANAKZcCVYtXnZ
咩探索呀開發呀治安呀嗰啲麻煩就閣下自理喇105Please respect copyright.PENANAwU6dkjcOFd
呢個由私人公司主導嘅殖民模式係註定失敗嘅105Please respect copyright.PENANA4538JGwgpK
皆因冇國家機器直接統籌嘅話105Please respect copyright.PENANAcwZupCl5yj
民間機構係冇可能處理到殖民地入面嘅諸多事務105Please respect copyright.PENANAkECcJjEvMw
強如英國東印度公司呢間有國家支援嘅百年老店105Please respect copyright.PENANALCAExpzonh
最後都要衰喺一場全國暴動上105Please respect copyright.PENANAnccmCeUMAF
要政府接管執手尾
由牛油同豬油引發嘅1857年印度兵變
咁你會問明知死路一條點解俾斯麥都仲要行嘅105Please respect copyright.PENANAgQ4ipAhMgd
首先要搞清楚死嘅唔係俾斯麥唔係德國105Please respect copyright.PENANADsPh4WNlfg
而係啲私人企業105Please respect copyright.PENANArI9HhRJe0N
畢竟呢啲殖民地開發不嬲都係高風險㗎啦105Please respect copyright.PENANANJ9hwXqTTA
佢地死冇人會覺得出奇105Please respect copyright.PENANAUzxVze5nft
更重要嘅係俾斯麥本身就唔想發得太大105Please respect copyright.PENANAIpqCJW7bMi
佢要嘅效果105Please respect copyright.PENANAbgsHjglJY3
就係用最低成本105Please respect copyright.PENANA1TmLGne1Fd
令德國喺短時間內105Please respect copyright.PENANASArOXBP4oA
獲取足夠多嘅殖民地105Please respect copyright.PENANAiMVC59jLkN
等佢可以喺嚟緊英法之間嘅殖民地爭議中善價而沽105Please respect copyright.PENANAlf2NJOhPyw
德國作為老三要做嘅105Please respect copyright.PENANADA8LbfQayR
就係平衡阿大同老二嘅勢力105Please respect copyright.PENANAAaWsdiiKl9
等佢地喺下面慢慢耗105Please respect copyright.PENANATBMvV74yRv
自己喺歐陸先會安穩105Please respect copyright.PENANA3KmANLdrmU
呢樣就係俾斯麥點解喺1880年代無啦啦搞殖民主義最底層嘅原因喇
好喇籌碼就喺手喇105Please respect copyright.PENANA1sTfkfPbwi
而家就爭咁張賭枱105Please respect copyright.PENANAOhp5lXbAuR
俾斯麥需要一個好似上次柏林會議咁嘅外交場合105Please respect copyright.PENANANtXiNWrI5x
等佢可以遊走於英法嘅殖民地鬥爭之中105Please respect copyright.PENANAm91soddRUy
咁啱法國同比利時喺剛果河流域歸屬問題上嘅爭議105Please respect copyright.PENANAil9QLiteVs
有越演越烈嘅趨勢105Please respect copyright.PENANA3ZUg4tjWUH
而本來已經衰落到冇人理嘅葡萄牙105Please respect copyright.PENANAF6EwOH6EV7
又突然喺櫳底摷咗份鹹鹹臭臭嘅條約出嚟105Please respect copyright.PENANA5m4d1EQnXR
話早喺15世紀已經同當地嘅剛果王國簽訂協議105Please respect copyright.PENANAtl6JsNmUZU
可以自由使用剛果河口南岸嘅一大片土地105Please respect copyright.PENANA2z8nX7ZE85
(即現今安哥拉,詳情請參閱第二集)105Please respect copyright.PENANAWOzN3uIDFt
要佢大佬英國撑佢維護當地嘅領土完整105Please respect copyright.PENANA3mm9TDznB3
忽然間剛果河就成為四國爭拗嘅熱點105Please respect copyright.PENANAvjPX9OGAjx
俾斯麥心諗喂掂呀屌你105Please respect copyright.PENANA0CIddev8sZ
於是建議大家過嚟柏林開個會斟斟105Please respect copyright.PENANAJ7OCSvpiaO
各國見上次柏林會議搞得幾靚仔吓105Please respect copyright.PENANAr2IyfaJQlS
都紛紛嚮應105Please respect copyright.PENANA58ROrRVAia
最終1884年11月15號喺俾斯麥嘅官邸105Please respect copyright.PENANAzTdlGjBiBO
齊集除咗瑞士同啲鹹豆咁細嘅鼻屎國外全部歐洲國家105Please respect copyright.PENANA9Tkjjjp0a6
再加上美國同鄂圖曼總共14個國家同組織105Please respect copyright.PENANAa9heji0oDU
(比利時係以國際剛果協會而唔係國家名義參加)105Please respect copyright.PENANA45d7E7ww18
參與呢個惡名昭彰、後世駡不絕口嘅柏林剛果會議喇
其實呢個會喺外交上唔算好高級別105Please respect copyright.PENANAXGFGwOFv2l
嗰時冇飛機105Please respect copyright.PENANAC7OyYks6QC
要一國首腦掉低本國事務山長水遠去一個地方開個會105Please respect copyright.PENANAK2DE4SNs0o
必定係關乎到國運嘅大事105Please respect copyright.PENANAkkZrwrIlx7
好似上次柏林會議105Please respect copyright.PENANAXzJ01vJkdb
與會嘅全部唔係外長就係首相本人105Please respect copyright.PENANAKCI012KMvb
相反今次嚟開會嘅105Please respect copyright.PENANAr0QCmTw1D1
都係各國駐柏林大使105Please respect copyright.PENANA9jz2FURn2Y
亦因為咁佢地係做唔到重大決定嘅105Please respect copyright.PENANAKHi7xt3fzN
每當要決定某啲事務時105Please respect copyright.PENANAlvbDc71HOa
啲大使都要聯絡本國外長甚至元首105Please respect copyright.PENANACnFROieh7F
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計埋聖誕同新年放咗幾日假105Please respect copyright.PENANASRKTEjvQhC
總共開咗104日105Please respect copyright.PENANAQz7Ig1950z
到第二年嘅2月26號先完結105Please respect copyright.PENANAduS9HPZJjY
(對比1878年嗰次就啱啱好開咗一個月)105Please respect copyright.PENANAQS03uvSHWc
咁從側面反映105Please respect copyright.PENANAlo9kwlQryw
喺嗰時對各國嚟講105Please respect copyright.PENANAt8lSxmM5dF
殖民地政策所佔嘅比重其實唔算好大105Please respect copyright.PENANAY53dOZo06c
不過好快就會有改變
呢個會主要解決嘅問題有:105Please respect copyright.PENANAmFvGiyZww7
1)剛果盆地歸屬105Please respect copyright.PENANAsbCmm4UzQR
2)兩大水系(尼日河同剛果河)航權105Please respect copyright.PENANA1nkVh4H3g0
3)何謂“有效佔據”105Please respect copyright.PENANA4SAg9aOe2D
關於第一個問題105Please respect copyright.PENANArnjkD45UVG
喺我對上一篇《由比利時嘅斷掌朱古力講起》都有約略講過吓105Please respect copyright.PENANA9ropaRDIHp
我就唔係呢度重覆喇105Please respect copyright.PENANAKRfOSLeIix
簡單重溫吓105Please respect copyright.PENANAVZcYvklD1W
當時各國已經知道105Please respect copyright.PENANAwOEwSmagp7
利奧波德二世呢個掛住人道主義者面具嘅豺狼105Please respect copyright.PENANAM4isn0sZE9
背後嘅陰謀㗎喇105Please respect copyright.PENANAFEA7wavPRI
不過基於勢力平衡關係105Please respect copyright.PENANA5LV3OFixk0
畀中立國比利時控制中非呢一大片土地105Please respect copyright.PENANAZHl9sviFIH
對各國都有好處105Please respect copyright.PENANAm78bfw4k9u
而法國喺剛果河北岸呢一輪大動作105Please respect copyright.PENANAYX7rjxkqMV
目的都只係警示利奧波德二世唔好諗住踩過界啫105Please respect copyright.PENANAom0qUGHSEP
並唔係真係想爭晒成個剛果105Please respect copyright.PENANAQT7mnWY1ss
所以與會各國一致贊成由國際剛果協會管理剛果河南岸105Please respect copyright.PENANAuLbnHGJaLo
而北岸就歸法國所有105Please respect copyright.PENANAhm6oAJfFjA
就係咁105Please respect copyright.PENANAIXF2z7gCNl
剛果自由邦成為咗利奧波德二世苦心經營下嘅外交奇蹟喇
剛果自由邦北面疆界基本上就係剛果河
OK搞掂一樣會議繼續⋯⋯105Please respect copyright.PENANAWKNzJctJlm
…咪住主席有樣嘢要搞清楚先105Please respect copyright.PENANAB74dzXEDpT
剛果盆地歸國際剛果協會我冇異議105Please respect copyright.PENANAMirSR2l4eq
不過剛果河口個主權就唔同咁講喇105Please respect copyright.PENANAPCbGRBtp8X
嗱呢份係我國喺1491年同剛果國王約翰一世所簽訂嘅合作協議105Please respect copyright.PENANAKU4sMA4MB4
訂明我國可以自由使用整個剛果河口⋯⋯105Please respect copyright.PENANAL6JDB9uBYW
等等葡萄牙代表你收番張梅菜坐番低先105Please respect copyright.PENANABKzqU48fK0
唔使咁心急住105Please respect copyright.PENANAsqqRLmtptc
你呢個提案將會同你另一個提案一併處理㗎喇105Please respect copyright.PENANAeSGFwiwBDa
咳唔⋯⋯咁會議就進入第二個議題105Please respect copyright.PENANAUnOkitOJPE
撒哈拉以南兩大河流──西非嘅尼日河同中非嘅剛果河105Please respect copyright.PENANAy1mPlWnnFB
一直都係通往非洲內陸最重要嘅航道105Please respect copyright.PENANAGbfTFykE4s
關於呢兩大水系嘅通航問題105Please respect copyright.PENANAnYZpjiBXsX
其實就相對簡單105Please respect copyright.PENANA6OEDs5GwGd
因為成個會打正旗號係用自由貿易開化啲黑鬼達至遏止奴隸貿易105Please respect copyright.PENANAoZHCpmlvlW
所以航行自由係必須嘅105Please respect copyright.PENANAa5H1JIFrRv
尼日河口位於英國佔據嘅尼日三角洲保護地105Please respect copyright.PENANAqxXzLVwrbV
理所當然進入尼日河所需嘅物流保安等等嘅需求同收益105Please respect copyright.PENANAlAU1Xyy7TC
自然就由英國所負責同享用啦
尼日河同佢廣闊流域內嘅盆地
至於剛果河呢⋯⋯105Please respect copyright.PENANABcr8tH0Bvx
得得得你坐番低先105Please respect copyright.PENANA0QNYadkYJd
而家就處理今個會第三個要解決嘅問題──何謂有效佔據105Please respect copyright.PENANAk5F1z6xLVs
順便講埋葡萄牙嘅議題105Please respect copyright.PENANA6MYNe1bWJx
本來列強殖民非洲個玩法105Please respect copyright.PENANA5yQufbfTNt
一路都係佔據非洲沿岸各個河口海灣後105Please respect copyright.PENANA9tf6Db6muP
再同當地土著簽吓合作協議、起吓貿易站仔105Please respect copyright.PENANAF6j5lFsQk6
嗰度就歸佢105Please respect copyright.PENANAKJu1t44ux3
不過畀啲先入局嘅咁樣咁低成本霸晒啲地105Please respect copyright.PENANAn4CQNSK5xb
對後來者其實相當唔公平105Please respect copyright.PENANASg2fTDanz6
俾斯麥建議殖民者需要同當地部落簽署協議之餘105Please respect copyright.PENANA5f1UHv2FMX
並顯示對當地有實質控制105Please respect copyright.PENANAWYTzyaTGqS
好似有發展基建或者駐紮軍隊維持治安等等105Please respect copyright.PENANAsRaXXDdjVJ
嗰度先算係佢轄下嘅保護國105Please respect copyright.PENANAUuQm41f5g5
咁樣嘅話英法兩國嘅殖民地開支必定會大增105Please respect copyright.PENANA9OXhFPm22f
正常嚟講佢地係會反對嘅105Please respect copyright.PENANAAtjo9O8epF
不過俾斯麥之所以要全歐洲甚至連殖民地都冇嘅國家都叫埋嚟開會105Please respect copyright.PENANA0q2bi4vSJl
目的就係要用呢堆小國嚟牽制英法呢兩個老牌殖民大國105Please respect copyright.PENANAUAGS3beNm7
而英國個豬隊友葡萄牙嘅立場105Please respect copyright.PENANANeaM3AlqCe
就直程令俾斯麥如虎添翼啦
喺今次個會上105Please respect copyright.PENANAkrSktmIuTy
葡萄牙其實係相當進取嘅105Please respect copyright.PENANA4X2Su2Bamt
除咗說服英國支持佢爭剛果河口外105Please respect copyright.PENANA0VVs3SOcRw
仲喺會議上提出以先發現原則劃地105Please respect copyright.PENANAUswNv9mQUe
並提議將東非莫桑比克同西非安哥拉之間一大片土地105Please respect copyright.PENANAFXdPDWxwWP
都劃晒畀佢105Please respect copyright.PENANAafAto6vYPp
形成貫穿非洲中南部嘅走廊105Please respect copyright.PENANAWpGU6suGxN
即係所謂嘅“粉紅地圖”
…嗱阿葡萄牙代表105Please respect copyright.PENANAk3iS6wOkEA
而家個遊戲玩法同你地個腦停留嗰個年代唔同晒㗎喇105Please respect copyright.PENANAW8j3EMS3z5
照你個講法如果邊個發現先就歸邊個嘅話105Please respect copyright.PENANAO3AyKTAvlV
咁成個非洲都係你㗎啦105Please respect copyright.PENANAElDZdV4AWJ
大家可以收工返歸啦嘛係咪?105Please respect copyright.PENANAt2u8rBPmGW
唔係㗎嘛105Please respect copyright.PENANAe9E7LjjtGL
而家個原則就係邊個證明到對一笪地方有實質控制105Please respect copyright.PENANAO73oB9yHOE
邊個先有資格去佔據嗰度105Please respect copyright.PENANAYECyI6BOdp
以剛果河口為例105Please respect copyright.PENANAfQnv5gMwPQ
國際剛果協會已經證明咗佢對嗰度有實質控制105Please respect copyright.PENANAeeSddnAUXP
而你就只係得份連簽署國都滅亡咗嘅歷史文件105Please respect copyright.PENANAZJcX7wNS0n
咁樣我地好難做㗎喎105Please respect copyright.PENANALqBqx0RNl7
我建議剛果河口北岸歸國際剛果協會105Please respect copyright.PENANAyb4yspralP
南岸就歸葡屬安哥拉105Please respect copyright.PENANAhNmgesuazS
大家有冇異議?本來英國早喺2月已經同葡萄牙簽署協議105Please respect copyright.PENANA4MuHBcAm3f
支持佢爭取剛果河口105Please respect copyright.PENANAtBbu4p0e8r
不過當呢份“粉紅地圖”一擺上枱面105Please respect copyright.PENANARkSleEpwHR
英國佬即刻嬲到紅都面晒105Please respect copyright.PENANASqpGM1ewnv
事關如果畀葡萄牙建立到呢條中南非走廊嘅話105Please respect copyright.PENANAYSfxWGLvBv
佢嗰個籌備中嘅“縱斷非洲”計劃就會斷纜105Please respect copyright.PENANASrEH9mIR5p
呢樣嘢係絕對唔可以發生
英國嘅“縱斷非洲”同法國嘅“橫斷非洲”105Please respect copyright.PENANAv0kZIPzhKx
是為非洲版過三關105Please respect copyright.PENANAwmtPGCc62D
詳情請參閱我對上一篇廢文
英國即時陷於兩難105Please respect copyright.PENANAkbPhdzdyjK
如果支持葡萄牙個先發現原則攞剛果河口嘅話105Please respect copyright.PENANA4ZRNoeNRrW
佢就要同時承認“粉紅地圖”105Please respect copyright.PENANABsIPqzxPvf
如果要保住佢盤過三關嘅話105Please respect copyright.PENANA68Akkeskji
佢就要接受俾斯麥嘅詭計兼背棄盟友105Please respect copyright.PENANA01WtnDuAOo
兩害取其輕下英國佬決定叫葡萄牙吔自己105Please respect copyright.PENANAlgDXKHjLVu
轉向支持國際剛果協會105Please respect copyright.PENANAqRsbKHZbhD
利奧波德二世得到彌足珍貴嘅出海口105Please respect copyright.PENANAqKPRkOTZ9W
獲得完全嘅外交勝利105Please respect copyright.PENANANRuisRGNLF
而俾斯麥為英法兩國所搭建嘅呢個非洲鬥獸場亦就此完成喇
因為柏林會議嘅分割105Please respect copyright.PENANABnwsfao7wO
剛果河北岸安哥拉嘅領土105Please respect copyright.PENANAdJT4PwvxTN
自始成為一塊飛地105Please respect copyright.PENANA7THeL5Y1MC往後章節都會提及吓非洲呢啲奇奇怪怪嘅劃界
跟住落嚟嘅會議就係與會各國之間嘅雙邊或者三邊談判105Please respect copyright.PENANAoNbMKnoodF
基本上都係喺非洲有殖民地嗰啲國家就領土劃分上互相博弈105Please respect copyright.PENANA0lNwnn7NZ0
例如德國讓出東非桑吉巴蘇丹國嘅主導權畀英國嚟換取北海一個小島啦105Please respect copyright.PENANAINdJqjrdVb
或者法國同意意大利佔領利比亞同非洲之角嘅厄立特里亞105Please respect copyright.PENANAX8DuyepUKV
以尋求意大利承認法國喺突尼西亞嘅主權啦105Please respect copyright.PENANAFYslzHxx49
又或者英國用北尼日利亞同法國交換紐芬蘭嘅捕魚權等等105Please respect copyright.PENANAjksDCq37kQ
可能各位小朋友都對呢堆遙遠嘅名字感到陌生105Please respect copyright.PENANAbMLwlb8Rfa
冇錯105Please respect copyright.PENANAPuPLxoPjbQ
唔只你地105Please respect copyright.PENANA2MSLYsXXql
連當時啲遠在歐洲嘅王公貴冑都唔知嗰度有啲乜105Please respect copyright.PENANApXq4jKaFII
正如時任英國首相嘅梳士巴利爵士所言105Please respect copyright.PENANAOVbybeuxGd
「我地交換到嘅呢啲山脈、湖泊同土地,實際上係連我地都唔知喺邊」105Please respect copyright.PENANAnFBLWyiIZW
事實上整個非洲就畀列強當成無主之地105Please respect copyright.PENANAyTQygTmckN
直尺一度、大筆一揮就被肆意分割105Please respect copyright.PENANAaDRxAauWZd
分割出嚟嘅“籌碼”就被用作交換各色各樣同非洲相關或者唔相關嘅利益105Please respect copyright.PENANAXnSArBmup1
至於啲世居喺呢片「未知國度」嘅黑鬼105Please respect copyright.PENANAXEBsVovpOE
佢地嘅利益理所當然就唔會被考慮啦105Please respect copyright.PENANAWhYkxwDl03
伴隨住呢啲分割嘅105Please respect copyright.PENANAT8UpvULrgO
係非洲入面唔同部族喺千百年間自然演化出嚟嘅勢力範圍被重新劃分
呢啲歐洲人強加於非洲嘅疆界105Please respect copyright.PENANAI8UpoE83do
往往會將敵對嘅部族劃埋一齊105Please respect copyright.PENANAEh8U0ASoXS
又或者將同一個部族分開喺唔同嘅國家105Please respect copyright.PENANA1ghO0CApwv
咁好自然敵對嘅勢力會互相鬥爭105Please respect copyright.PENANARU7y4Yi9k4
相同嘅部族又會試圖合併105Please respect copyright.PENANAVG9tvJ0mSC
非洲人嘅命運巨輪自始悄然起動105Please respect copyright.PENANA9wejN4Ccvj
整個非洲將會成為一部特大號嘅絞肉機105Please respect copyright.PENANA3H0zruqc9m
不過呢啲咁遙遠又咁長遠嘅事105Please respect copyright.PENANABItah1XygD
對當時身處歐洲廟堂嘅諸公嚟講105Please respect copyright.PENANAtwV9sKKqqf
又點會理會同預料到呢
殖民時期前嘅部族勢力分界同現代非洲國界重叠圖
非洲喺二戰後各地武裝衝突地點示意圖
對比呢兩幅圖就可以睇到105Please respect copyright.PENANAzVFJatcrGL
呢啲無視當地土著勢力範圍嘅分割105Please respect copyright.PENANAbJiJ8PVxyu
就係往後非洲紛亂不堪最重要嘅起始因素喇105Please respect copyright.PENANA5kEwO95hSX
根據地域可以將呢啲衝突歸類為四個“重災區”105Please respect copyright.PENANAd0sUSFqH0G
1)法國控制、穆斯林人口主導嘅北非地中海沿岸105Please respect copyright.PENANAeLBZbZ58S8
2)北緯12度以南、撒哈拉同中非雨林之間嘅草原地帶
阿拉伯人稱之為“薩赫勒”105Please respect copyright.PENANA9hsOoalcAB
意思係“撒哈拉之海以南”105Please respect copyright.PENANASVfi6oyrNx
視乎旱澇情況呢度既係北面穆斯林嘅放牧場又係南面土著王國嘅耕地105Please respect copyright.PENANAg7ZwH6belp
自古以來就係兩邊人互相廝咬嘅源頭
3)中非剛果盆地同佢東邊嘅大湖區105Please respect copyright.PENANA3eM0SnMF5A
4)礦產資源豐富、較為發達但係貧富極為懸殊嘅非洲南部105Please respect copyright.PENANAm9AzwX0qmZ
基本上各自都有自身獨特嘅原因搞到今時今日咁嘅田地105Please respect copyright.PENANAqASfSmubZw
呢啲會喺嚟緊嘅章節慢慢去講105Please respect copyright.PENANAJnE8Xg2DCN
不過我會講講佢地共同擁有嘅“歷史機遇”先105Please respect copyright.PENANARwETATNOoi
下一集《盛宴之後》再同大家吹過
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識睇嘅就梗係睇埋個尾啦105Please respect copyright.PENANAriMV4MMOUR
話說柏林會議雖然為後世所唾罵105Please respect copyright.PENANA6y7mO0DHGn
不過喺嗰時105Please respect copyright.PENANAJuiUT2dqHI
的確為各殖民宗主國提供咗一個文明解決潛在爭議嘅框架105Please respect copyright.PENANAu6Gbqq0TIi
俾斯麥憑藉佢靈活嘅外交手腕105Please respect copyright.PENANA1snr1i0Sa5
喺各國錯綜複雜嘅利益關係網中105Please respect copyright.PENANAC3tJT5THds
一步步拆解分岐105Please respect copyright.PENANAec68WzJz2i
最終搵到個大家都可以接受嘅方案105Please respect copyright.PENANAzE6IMFxpZd
唔使動輒就要打要殺105Please respect copyright.PENANALR5W2YO34K
目的都係為德國提供一個穩定嘅歐陸105Please respect copyright.PENANAiYCVlgyY80
以發展佢嘅經濟105Please respect copyright.PENANA1MygK22fPD
德意志帝國有幸有呢位無雙國士105Please respect copyright.PENANAfdq0SXODAN
可以話係有今生冇來世
之但係帝國呢種國體105Please respect copyright.PENANAa3uQt0FasK
就註定有明君先可以有賢臣嘅105Please respect copyright.PENANAJJUDXRjj0L
呢台由俾斯麥一人擔綱嘅獨腳戲105Please respect copyright.PENANAKRALaek6Jz
終究有落幕嘅一日105Please respect copyright.PENANAw4MONCCUXw
當嗰位自信滿滿又衝動成性嘅少主登基時105Please respect copyright.PENANAA4VwKlUYJA
俾斯麥嗰套遊走於各方矛盾嘅平衡105Please respect copyright.PENANAHa8OOj3yMi
就唔係好啱佢胃口喇105Please respect copyright.PENANAZvxuKOk18u
佢覺得戰戰兢兢咁踩鋼線實在太慢太悶105Please respect copyright.PENANA3dAtFuMkij
不如痛痛快快咁玩跳火圈啦105Please respect copyright.PENANAegbuU5Gy2y
1890年3月22號105Please respect copyright.PENANA1pJMTWExGh
威廉二世以俾斯麥推行嘅反社會主義者法案過於激進為由105Please respect copyright.PENANAfHJjKZoLZs
迫令佢辭職105Please respect copyright.PENANADqeEtkTsQQ
自此呢位德意志帝國嘅舵手就黯然落台105Please respect copyright.PENANA2qT0Gf0nMj
威廉仔亦都開始周圍點火表演跳火圈喇
領航員落船
日耳曼尼亞同俾斯麥睇住兒皇帝玩火自焚
“俾斯麥體系”隨之而瓦解105Please respect copyright.PENANAZSMQTAKalO
對列強嚟講105Please respect copyright.PENANAcfmS4ei7mh
德國再唔係穩定歐陸勢力嘅伙伴105Please respect copyright.PENANApfZN4QtsT0
而係反覆無常嘅計時炸彈105Please respect copyright.PENANAYOYhgC5xwf
漸漸合作變成對立、猜忌加劇矛盾105Please respect copyright.PENANAnBBLSGiZM7
最終走向大戰⋯⋯105Please respect copyright.PENANAYbpjfLtmP3
有時不禁會諗105Please respect copyright.PENANAIZ55YX0rg9
最佳答案有時真係未必有最好結果㗎105Please respect copyright.PENANA0pSuwcsEQa
如果1878年柏林會議時俾斯麥狠下決心撐俄國105Please respect copyright.PENANASLbCgrW5BH
令世界大戰由威廉一世-俾斯麥-老毛奇呢個鐵三角應對105Please respect copyright.PENANAC6Eb9qKqzP
歷史會唔會改寫呢?105Please respect copyright.PENANAOheGWEsSFD
德意志帝國同沙俄會唔會繼續存在?105Please respect copyright.PENANACdtLDkEUro共慘黨又會唔會被掃進棺材呢?105Please respect copyright.PENANAHIP03p2ODo
而嗰喺個平行宇宙嘅我105Please respect copyright.PENANASFx3z2vk3f
又會點樣寫呢個故仔呢?
105Please respect copyright.PENANAtWDv3eKjqG
-完-
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