The Lesser Key of Solomon, also known as Clavicula Salomonis Regis or Lemegeton, is an anonymous grimoire (or spell book) on demonology. It was compiled in the mid-17th century, mostly from materials a couple of centuries older. It is divided into five books—the Ars Goetia, Ars Theurgia-Goetia, Ars Paulina, Ars Almadel, and Ars Notoria.1026Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡ9afXdnFkeS
Ars Goetia1026Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡNudvWtJQgw
The most obvious source for the Ars Goetia is Johann Weyer's Pseudomonarchia Daemonum in his De praestigiis daemonum. Weyer does not cite, and is unaware of, any other books in the Lemegeton, indicating that the Lemegeton was derived from his work, not the other way around. The order of the spirits was changed between the two, four additional spirits were added to the later work, and one spirit (Pruflas) was omitted. The omission of Pruflas, a mistake that also occurs in an edition of Pseudomonarchia Daemonum cited in Reginald Scot's The Discoverie of Witchcraft, indicates that the Ars Goetia could not have been compiled before 1570. Indeed, it appears that the Ars Goetia is more dependent upon Scot's translation of Weyer than Weyer's work in itself. Additionally, some material was used from Heinrich Cornelius Agrippa's Three Books of Occult Philosophy, the Heptameron by pseudo-Pietro d'Abano, and the Magical Calendar.
Weyer's Officium Spirituum, which is likely related to a 1583 manuscript titled The Office of Spirits, appears to have ultimately been an elaboration on a 15th-century manuscript titled Le Livre des Esperitz (of which 30 of its 47 spirits are nearly identical to spirits in the Ars Goetia).
In a slightly later copy made by Thomas Rudd, this portion was labelled "Liber Malorum Spirituum seu Goetia", and the seals and demons were paired with those of the 72 angels of the Shemhamphorasch, who were intended to protect the conjurer and control the demons he summoned. The angelic names and seals were derived from a manuscript by Blaise de Vigenère, whose papers were also used by Samuel Liddell MacGregor Mathers in his works for the Hermetic Order of the Golden Dawn. Rudd may have derived his copy of Liber Malorum Spirituum from a now-lost work by Johannes Trithemius, who taught Agrippa, who in turn taught Weyer.
This portion of the work was later translated by S. L. MacGregor Mathers and published by Aleister Crowley under the title The Book of the Goetia of Solomon the King. Crowley added some additional invocations previously unrelated to the original work, as well as essays describing the rituals as psychological exploration instead of demon summoning.1026Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡWVAq5IvS1a
The Seventy-Two Demons
The demons' names (given below) are taken from the Ars Goetia, which differs in terms of number and ranking from the Pseudomonarchia Daemonum of Weyer. As a result of multiple translations, there are multiple spellings for some of the names, which are given in the articles concerning them.
1) King Bael1026Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡ0unzXdBris
2) Duke Agares1026Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡ2J6gxxqtf1
3) Prince Vassago1026Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡy7cvNiauxk
4) Marquis Samigina1026Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡSiObGSnn98
5) President Marbas1026Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡMDVeZxduT2
6) Duke Valefor1026Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡZU45QNOsup
7) Marquis Amon1026Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡHvwNMeJ6s9
8) Duke Barbatos1026Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡA4yOWZIJdg
9) King Paimon1026Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡzmlEU3l1C4
10) President Buer1026Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡ2dSHeDZQED
11) Duke Gusion1026Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡ14WZQwWb0H
12) Prince Sitri1026Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡfZd6Xj9f02
13) King Beleth1026Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡeXER2CXBKJ
14) Marquis Leraje1026Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡDF9wr4zwlD
15) Duke Eligos1026Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡIY9rWnwGfL
16) Duke Zepar1026Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡG9sj2W5JFL
17) Count/President Botis1026Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡLVtahxCo32
18) Duke Bathin1026Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡTVE5r724bO
19) Duke Sallos1026Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡAlXDOUDE2o
20) King Purson1026Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡy6jwah1x7l
21) Count/President Marax1026Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡyusXEUyjQA
22) Count/Prince Ipos1026Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡYciHtLakcV
23) Duke Aim1026Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡQFpJVBxO7J
24) Marquis Naberius1026Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡTjY2pL3j2m
25) Count/President Glasya-Labolas1026Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡZeZuRJywF3
26) Duke Buné1026Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡqag3fFLSGl
27) Marquis/Count Ronové1026Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡvlp6Ho770P
28) Duke Berith1026Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡxdzr7xuWEV
29) Duke Astaroth1026Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡsLBFdTnY8n
30) Marquis Forneus1026Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡGM7MohLbBA
31) President Foras1026Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡr8ZRxf21wp
32) King Asmoday1026Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡwuBBDuYhvJ
33) Prince/President Gäap1026Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡKF38vMS1nQ
34) Count Furfur1026Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡfg6B6U7gdF
35) Marquis Marchosias1026Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡPIIO8OzdY7
36) Prince Stolas1026Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡcfIOGGK5ld
37) Marquis Phenex1026Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡ31WV4okPxF
38) Count Halphas1026Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡJTMtokLRhd
39) President Malphas1026Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡgeL8hF6odT
40) Count Räum1026Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡqKmCSzUYxB
41) Duke Focalor1026Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡXQBnx7aQfT
42) Duke Vepar1026Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡi6F43qUt1T
43) Marquis Sabnock1026Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡrP8NLIzGsX
44) Marquis Shax1026Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡ47UHqq3qSE
45) King/Count Viné1026Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡ1eeLqXm1wp
46) Count Bifrons1026Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡngTy0GcTIw
47) Duke Vual1026Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡfZtm7OTi0J
48) President Haagenti1026Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡdR6OWYoY9b
49) Duke Crocell1026Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡgvfP6mV8mf
50) Knight Furcas1026Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡHNUhwO2nLH
51) King Balam1026Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡINceI2H5TU
52) Duke Alloces1026Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡnFKOsgwhmx
53) President Caim1026Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡMWn65trelA
54) Duke/Count Murmur1026Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡQpJECesR8P
55) Prince Orobas1026Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡ9GoEfZrBpc
56) Duke Gremory1026Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡQVTzbsfGXg
57) President Ose1026Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡJrCcGsp8ye
58) President Amy1026Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡTxtWRb0Xcf
59) Marquis Orias1026Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡESceyaXJ9v
60) Duke Vapula1026Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡsC225GiLzH
61) King/President Zagan1026Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡSpF7X5zCHD
62) President Valac1026Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡ3SRKUeZopO
63) Marquis Andras1026Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡC4j5a3jxG9
64) Duke Flauros1026Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡDOr092HkS2
65) Marquis Andrealphus1026Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡ5v826HBdcg
66) Marquis Kimaris1026Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡoZ5HDd1FqR
67) Duke Amdusias1026Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡDHq2CDlxmv
68) King Belial1026Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡ7WkgLD1bDf
69) Marquis Decarabia1026Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡ7UzFwqcFHI
70) Prince Seere1026Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡlQeK1RLtnd
71) Duke Dantalion1026Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡiGqjSoWQH9
72) Count Andromalius
The demons are described as being commanded by four kings of the cardinal directions: Amaymon (East), Corson (West), Ziminiar (North), and Gaap (South). A footnote in one variant edition instead lists them as Oriens or Uriens, Paymon or Paymonia, Ariton or Egyn, and Amaymon or Amaimon, alternatively known as Samael, Azazel, Azael, and Mahazael (purportedly their preferred rabbinic names).[10] Agrippa's Occult Philosophy lists the kings of the cardinal directions as Urieus (East), Amaymon (South), Paymon (West), and Egin (North); again providing the alternate names Samuel (i.e. Samael), Azazel, Azael, and Mahazuel. The Magical Calendar lists them as Bael, Moymon, Poymon, and Egin, though Peterson notes that some variant editions instead list '"Asmodel in the East, Amaymon in the South, Paymon in the West, and Aegym in the North"; "Oriens, Paymon, Egyn, and Amaymon"; or "Amodeo [sic] (king of the East), Paymon (king of the West), Egion (king of the North), and Maimon."1026Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡRyzd9JQIXy
Ars Theurgia Goetia1026Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡ9Ndok0EYSH
The Ars Theurgia Goetia mostly derives from Trithemius's Steganographia, though the seals and order for the spirits are different due to corrupted transmission via manuscript. Rituals not found in Steganographia were added, in some ways conflicting with similar rituals found in the Ars Goetia and Ars Paulina. Most of the spirits summoned are tied to points on a compass, four Emperors tied to the cardinal points (Carnesiel in the East, Amenadiel in the West, Demoriel in the North and Caspiel in the South), sixteen Dukes tied to cardinal points, inter-cardinal points, additional directions between those. There are an additional eleven Wandering Princes, totaling thirty one spirit leaders who each rule several to a few dozen spirits.1026Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡQm6WEYO9EK
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Ars Paulina1026Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡBHtM71tBvN
Derived from book two of Trithemius's Steganographia and from portions of the Heptameron, but purportedly delivered by Paul the Apostle instead of (as claimed by Trithemius) Raziel. Elements from The Magical Calendar, astrological seals by Robert Turner's 1656 translation of Paracelsus's Archidoxes of Magic, and repeated mentions of guns and the year 1641 indicate that this portion was written in the later half of the seventeenth century. Traditions of Paul communicating with heavenly powers are almost as old as Christianity itself, as seen in some interpretations of 2 Corinthians 12:2-4 and the apocryphal Apocalypse of Paul. The Ars Paulina is in turn divided into two books, the first detailing twenty-four angels aligned with the twenty-four hours of the day, the second (derived more from the Heptameron) detailing the 360 spirits of the degrees of the zodiac.1026Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡpM0UO5cxBm
Ars Almadel1026Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡEqBqP4PXP1
Mentioned by Trithemius and Weyer, the latter of whom claimed an Arabic origin for the work. A 15th-century copy is attested to by Robert Turner, and Hebrew copies were discovered in the 20th century. The Ars Almadel instructs the magician on how to create a wax tablet with specific designs intended to contact angels via scrying.1026Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡFIB1jBNbsf
Ars Notoria1026Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡLAti61W8NK
The oldest known portion of the Lemegeton, the Ars Notoria (or Notory Art) was first mentioned by Michael Scot in 1236 (and thus was written earlier). The Ars Notoria contains a series of prayers (related to those in The Sworn Book of Honorius) intended to grant eidetic memory and instantaneous learning to the magician. Some copies and editions of the Lemegeton omit this work entirely; A. E. Waite ignores it completely when describing the Lemegeton. It is also known as the Ars Nova.1026Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡKXxatpplg2
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It has also been said to be the origin of Pandora's box and where the seven deadly sins were born.
1 Gula (gluttony)1026Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡQFRy0b2lJB
2 Luxuria (lust, fornication)1026Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡZtab6gl80q
3 Avaritia (avarice/greed)1026Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡH4p6pf4l2W
4 Superbia (pride, hubris)1026Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡZVtyS4FZ0Z
5 Invidia (Envy)1026Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡnfy7Gmsttt
6 Ira (wrath)1026Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡdjkJFqd0n8
7 Acedia (sloth)1026Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡOOutIfJZ0M
If you look any further into it, beware your surrounding... You will uncover, the truth.
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