The Lesser Key of Solomon, also known as Clavicula Salomonis Regis or Lemegeton, is an anonymous grimoire (or spell book) on demonology. It was compiled in the mid-17th century, mostly from materials a couple of centuries older. It is divided into five books—the Ars Goetia, Ars Theurgia-Goetia, Ars Paulina, Ars Almadel, and Ars Notoria.1138Please respect copyright.PENANAURKwNUgH7E
Ars Goetia1138Please respect copyright.PENANANw3EjmyMtU
The most obvious source for the Ars Goetia is Johann Weyer's Pseudomonarchia Daemonum in his De praestigiis daemonum. Weyer does not cite, and is unaware of, any other books in the Lemegeton, indicating that the Lemegeton was derived from his work, not the other way around. The order of the spirits was changed between the two, four additional spirits were added to the later work, and one spirit (Pruflas) was omitted. The omission of Pruflas, a mistake that also occurs in an edition of Pseudomonarchia Daemonum cited in Reginald Scot's The Discoverie of Witchcraft, indicates that the Ars Goetia could not have been compiled before 1570. Indeed, it appears that the Ars Goetia is more dependent upon Scot's translation of Weyer than Weyer's work in itself. Additionally, some material was used from Heinrich Cornelius Agrippa's Three Books of Occult Philosophy, the Heptameron by pseudo-Pietro d'Abano, and the Magical Calendar.
Weyer's Officium Spirituum, which is likely related to a 1583 manuscript titled The Office of Spirits, appears to have ultimately been an elaboration on a 15th-century manuscript titled Le Livre des Esperitz (of which 30 of its 47 spirits are nearly identical to spirits in the Ars Goetia).
In a slightly later copy made by Thomas Rudd, this portion was labelled "Liber Malorum Spirituum seu Goetia", and the seals and demons were paired with those of the 72 angels of the Shemhamphorasch, who were intended to protect the conjurer and control the demons he summoned. The angelic names and seals were derived from a manuscript by Blaise de Vigenère, whose papers were also used by Samuel Liddell MacGregor Mathers in his works for the Hermetic Order of the Golden Dawn. Rudd may have derived his copy of Liber Malorum Spirituum from a now-lost work by Johannes Trithemius, who taught Agrippa, who in turn taught Weyer.
This portion of the work was later translated by S. L. MacGregor Mathers and published by Aleister Crowley under the title The Book of the Goetia of Solomon the King. Crowley added some additional invocations previously unrelated to the original work, as well as essays describing the rituals as psychological exploration instead of demon summoning.1138Please respect copyright.PENANA1TTrmeKrwk
The Seventy-Two Demons
The demons' names (given below) are taken from the Ars Goetia, which differs in terms of number and ranking from the Pseudomonarchia Daemonum of Weyer. As a result of multiple translations, there are multiple spellings for some of the names, which are given in the articles concerning them.
1) King Bael1138Please respect copyright.PENANApRZTGNs6Qo
2) Duke Agares1138Please respect copyright.PENANA82yumKE250
3) Prince Vassago1138Please respect copyright.PENANAoOO0wh7EBU
4) Marquis Samigina1138Please respect copyright.PENANAIW7UhQJAzV
5) President Marbas1138Please respect copyright.PENANAy7uEM9T850
6) Duke Valefor1138Please respect copyright.PENANAb4XcEO8JFe
7) Marquis Amon1138Please respect copyright.PENANAQBVonNqXt4
8) Duke Barbatos1138Please respect copyright.PENANAa3AR2SaLJd
9) King Paimon1138Please respect copyright.PENANAMHrxPtxQUA
10) President Buer1138Please respect copyright.PENANA0faH9xa979
11) Duke Gusion1138Please respect copyright.PENANAJ8u36vwAKT
12) Prince Sitri1138Please respect copyright.PENANAfXlvQvFOYb
13) King Beleth1138Please respect copyright.PENANAvsMAINwnXE
14) Marquis Leraje1138Please respect copyright.PENANAxnZTThKTAV
15) Duke Eligos1138Please respect copyright.PENANAtQKrwveMYz
16) Duke Zepar1138Please respect copyright.PENANAxE4aCUsMFy
17) Count/President Botis1138Please respect copyright.PENANApwTR3Oc1Nu
18) Duke Bathin1138Please respect copyright.PENANAKzdaD5s9bJ
19) Duke Sallos1138Please respect copyright.PENANAh4XBFoc44g
20) King Purson1138Please respect copyright.PENANAGJENoo0OkP
21) Count/President Marax1138Please respect copyright.PENANACpywfAdaKj
22) Count/Prince Ipos1138Please respect copyright.PENANA7R3dXAZd08
23) Duke Aim1138Please respect copyright.PENANASJZAfAbE6z
24) Marquis Naberius1138Please respect copyright.PENANAQs0134ScGj
25) Count/President Glasya-Labolas1138Please respect copyright.PENANAyYbAFLwPK6
26) Duke Buné1138Please respect copyright.PENANAN0pDpXwyeu
27) Marquis/Count Ronové1138Please respect copyright.PENANAb7HOSJ7Qve
28) Duke Berith1138Please respect copyright.PENANANuRjDbPfo4
29) Duke Astaroth1138Please respect copyright.PENANAaulxekz0DN
30) Marquis Forneus1138Please respect copyright.PENANAkVgXIE997b
31) President Foras1138Please respect copyright.PENANAtD4bDXa3fr
32) King Asmoday1138Please respect copyright.PENANAYENPbZIgXY
33) Prince/President Gäap1138Please respect copyright.PENANAVRpGkg30to
34) Count Furfur1138Please respect copyright.PENANAvT9A1xZc4X
35) Marquis Marchosias1138Please respect copyright.PENANAAlpth3UAWp
36) Prince Stolas1138Please respect copyright.PENANARt10Uvb2YG
37) Marquis Phenex1138Please respect copyright.PENANAqRwBLCQWzL
38) Count Halphas1138Please respect copyright.PENANAKvixeEccW3
39) President Malphas1138Please respect copyright.PENANAvjVHnLkIFE
40) Count Räum1138Please respect copyright.PENANAzScPk2gp0s
41) Duke Focalor1138Please respect copyright.PENANAWZ3ObiiMKT
42) Duke Vepar1138Please respect copyright.PENANAM7OX7MAFYT
43) Marquis Sabnock1138Please respect copyright.PENANAm5GcYSM9tt
44) Marquis Shax1138Please respect copyright.PENANAQiaHv3pcFz
45) King/Count Viné1138Please respect copyright.PENANAOj5oUUHnsM
46) Count Bifrons1138Please respect copyright.PENANAxaya0aUPnC
47) Duke Vual1138Please respect copyright.PENANAVeS2WoHA0m
48) President Haagenti1138Please respect copyright.PENANArOfAJBgf1q
49) Duke Crocell1138Please respect copyright.PENANAkKZe3E8eAf
50) Knight Furcas1138Please respect copyright.PENANA3dvkBN6WjH
51) King Balam1138Please respect copyright.PENANAJzqPvM1blU
52) Duke Alloces1138Please respect copyright.PENANAOPF9LdLZxu
53) President Caim1138Please respect copyright.PENANAqdvkxCkc4O
54) Duke/Count Murmur1138Please respect copyright.PENANAgfzirKUHrR
55) Prince Orobas1138Please respect copyright.PENANAma11TCI7He
56) Duke Gremory1138Please respect copyright.PENANAWijZdDTUv2
57) President Ose1138Please respect copyright.PENANApjCzy95f6D
58) President Amy1138Please respect copyright.PENANABT3uhMtbBp
59) Marquis Orias1138Please respect copyright.PENANAJTJGB4pVOs
60) Duke Vapula1138Please respect copyright.PENANAN48laXDYmE
61) King/President Zagan1138Please respect copyright.PENANAOBG73XrHgC
62) President Valac1138Please respect copyright.PENANAMxbuprTo8k
63) Marquis Andras1138Please respect copyright.PENANAKluanyevCd
64) Duke Flauros1138Please respect copyright.PENANA36PEO5SsqT
65) Marquis Andrealphus1138Please respect copyright.PENANACPSUUqbEe5
66) Marquis Kimaris1138Please respect copyright.PENANAqnjaJKAoie
67) Duke Amdusias1138Please respect copyright.PENANAyTRP0KJfC0
68) King Belial1138Please respect copyright.PENANAil0KIq3CwG
69) Marquis Decarabia1138Please respect copyright.PENANAwdPoVidCC7
70) Prince Seere1138Please respect copyright.PENANArfUup91YPk
71) Duke Dantalion1138Please respect copyright.PENANAICO4ojn3XN
72) Count Andromalius
The demons are described as being commanded by four kings of the cardinal directions: Amaymon (East), Corson (West), Ziminiar (North), and Gaap (South). A footnote in one variant edition instead lists them as Oriens or Uriens, Paymon or Paymonia, Ariton or Egyn, and Amaymon or Amaimon, alternatively known as Samael, Azazel, Azael, and Mahazael (purportedly their preferred rabbinic names).[10] Agrippa's Occult Philosophy lists the kings of the cardinal directions as Urieus (East), Amaymon (South), Paymon (West), and Egin (North); again providing the alternate names Samuel (i.e. Samael), Azazel, Azael, and Mahazuel. The Magical Calendar lists them as Bael, Moymon, Poymon, and Egin, though Peterson notes that some variant editions instead list '"Asmodel in the East, Amaymon in the South, Paymon in the West, and Aegym in the North"; "Oriens, Paymon, Egyn, and Amaymon"; or "Amodeo [sic] (king of the East), Paymon (king of the West), Egion (king of the North), and Maimon."1138Please respect copyright.PENANAkMZZ71Yvzs
Ars Theurgia Goetia1138Please respect copyright.PENANAi6aydzK02I
The Ars Theurgia Goetia mostly derives from Trithemius's Steganographia, though the seals and order for the spirits are different due to corrupted transmission via manuscript. Rituals not found in Steganographia were added, in some ways conflicting with similar rituals found in the Ars Goetia and Ars Paulina. Most of the spirits summoned are tied to points on a compass, four Emperors tied to the cardinal points (Carnesiel in the East, Amenadiel in the West, Demoriel in the North and Caspiel in the South), sixteen Dukes tied to cardinal points, inter-cardinal points, additional directions between those. There are an additional eleven Wandering Princes, totaling thirty one spirit leaders who each rule several to a few dozen spirits.1138Please respect copyright.PENANAztckqypy6r
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Ars Paulina1138Please respect copyright.PENANARE4Im57Pl6
Derived from book two of Trithemius's Steganographia and from portions of the Heptameron, but purportedly delivered by Paul the Apostle instead of (as claimed by Trithemius) Raziel. Elements from The Magical Calendar, astrological seals by Robert Turner's 1656 translation of Paracelsus's Archidoxes of Magic, and repeated mentions of guns and the year 1641 indicate that this portion was written in the later half of the seventeenth century. Traditions of Paul communicating with heavenly powers are almost as old as Christianity itself, as seen in some interpretations of 2 Corinthians 12:2-4 and the apocryphal Apocalypse of Paul. The Ars Paulina is in turn divided into two books, the first detailing twenty-four angels aligned with the twenty-four hours of the day, the second (derived more from the Heptameron) detailing the 360 spirits of the degrees of the zodiac.1138Please respect copyright.PENANABAfejtf27S
Ars Almadel1138Please respect copyright.PENANAqMEiMUJyDd
Mentioned by Trithemius and Weyer, the latter of whom claimed an Arabic origin for the work. A 15th-century copy is attested to by Robert Turner, and Hebrew copies were discovered in the 20th century. The Ars Almadel instructs the magician on how to create a wax tablet with specific designs intended to contact angels via scrying.1138Please respect copyright.PENANAB3huoX5X7d
Ars Notoria1138Please respect copyright.PENANAlhZM3A8Ia8
The oldest known portion of the Lemegeton, the Ars Notoria (or Notory Art) was first mentioned by Michael Scot in 1236 (and thus was written earlier). The Ars Notoria contains a series of prayers (related to those in The Sworn Book of Honorius) intended to grant eidetic memory and instantaneous learning to the magician. Some copies and editions of the Lemegeton omit this work entirely; A. E. Waite ignores it completely when describing the Lemegeton. It is also known as the Ars Nova.1138Please respect copyright.PENANAGi0nbzwFO0
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It has also been said to be the origin of Pandora's box and where the seven deadly sins were born.
1 Gula (gluttony)1138Please respect copyright.PENANAIFm7jnGcRr
2 Luxuria (lust, fornication)1138Please respect copyright.PENANADEXAiNaIHX
3 Avaritia (avarice/greed)1138Please respect copyright.PENANAKPKX7ANpAv
4 Superbia (pride, hubris)1138Please respect copyright.PENANAAKNpF6y8HM
5 Invidia (Envy)1138Please respect copyright.PENANAgefZjMLbro
6 Ira (wrath)1138Please respect copyright.PENANAv21wiHEKRl
7 Acedia (sloth)1138Please respect copyright.PENANA304QQd8FuQ
If you look any further into it, beware your surrounding... You will uncover, the truth.
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